Acids And Bases Flashcards
What is the colour of litmus indicator when used with
- an acidic solution
- a neutral solution
- a basic (alkaline) solution
Acidic: red
Neutral: purple
Alkaline: blue
What is the colour of methyl orange indicator when used with
- an acidic solution
- a neutral solution
- a basic (alkaline) solution
Acidic: red
Neutral: yellow
Alkaline: yellow
Name 3 different types of indicators
Litmus, methyl orange, universal
What I a more accurate way of measuring pH
A pH meter
What is an acid?
A source of hydrogen ions (H+)
A strong acid has a ** ** of *** ions
High concentration of hydrogen ions
What are bases?
Substances that neutralize acids.
3 examples of bases?
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) Magnesium oxide (MgO) Ammonia (NH3)
Most * *** and **** are bases
Most metal oxides and hydroxides are bases
What is an alkali?
Soluble bases which dissolve in water
They are a source of hydroxide (OH-) ions
All ** are *** but not all *** are **
All alkalis are based but not all bases are alkalis
A strong alkali has a ** ** of ** ions
High concentration of hydroxide ions
3 examples of alkalis?
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) Calcium hydroxide (CaOH) Ammonia (NH3)
Acids react with metals to form ????
Metal salt + hydrogen
Acids react with bases to form ???
Metal salt + water
Acids react with carbonates to form ???
Metal salt + water + carbon dioxide
Use of neutralisation?
Slaked line (calcium hydroxide) is put on acidic soil to neutralise it
What is the ionic equation for the reaction between an acid and an alkali?
(H+) + (OH-) ➡ H2O
Neutralisation reactions are *****thermic
Exothermic
What is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction that releases thermal energy into its surrounding
What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction that absorbs thermal energy, therefore decreasing in temperature
