Rate determining enzymes of metabolic processes Flashcards
Name enzyme & regulators for glycolysis
Enzyme: Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)
(+) Regulators: AMP
(-) Regulators: fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, ATP, citrate
Name enzyme & regulators for gluconeogenesis
Enzyme: Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase
(+)Regulators: ATP; acetyl-CoA
(-)Regulators: AMP, F-2,6-Bisphos
Name enzyme & regulators for TCA cycle
Enzyme: isocitrate DH
(+)Regulators: ADP
(-)Regulators: ATP, NADH
Name enzyme & regulators for Glycogenesis
Enzyme: Glycogen synthase
(+)Regulators: G-6-P, insulin, cortisol
(-)Regulators: Epi, glucagon
Name enzyme & regulators for Glycogenolysis
Enzyme: Glycogen phosphorylase
(+)Regulators: Epi, glucagon, AMP
(-)Regulators: G-6-P, insulin, ATP
Name enzyme & regulators for HMP shunt
Enzyme: G6PD
(+)Regulators: NADP+
(-)Regulators: NADPH
Name enzyme & regulators for de novo pyrimidine synthesis
Enzyme: Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 2
(+)Regulators: none
(-)Regulators: none
Name enzyme & regulators for de novo purine synthesis
Enzyme: glutamine PRPP amidotransferase
(+)Regulators: none
(-)Regulators: AMP, IMP, GMP
Name enzyme & regulators for urea cycle
Enzyme: Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1
(+)Regulators: N-acetylglutamate
(-)Regulators:
Name enzyme & regulators for FA synthesis
Enzyme: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)
(+)Regulators: insulin, citrate
(-)Regulators: glucagon, palmitoyl-CoA
Name enzyme & regulators for FA oxidation
Enzyme: Carnitine acyltransferase 1
(+)Regulators:
(-)Regulators: Malonyl-CoA
Name enzyme & regulators for Ketogenesis
Enzyme: HMG-CoA synthase
(+)Regulators: none
(-)Regulators: none
Name enzyme & regulators for cholesterol synthesis
Enzyme: HMG-CoA reductase
(+)Regulators: insulin, thyroxine
(-)Regulators: glucagon, cholesterol
