Rash Flashcards
What is a rash?
Widespread red pimply change
Balls of lymphocytes infiltrate under epidermis to make rashes pimply
What is cause of pretibial myxoedema?
mucin infiltration in Graves’ disease
What is clubbing called in Graves?
Thyroid achopatchy
What is clubbing called in Graves?
Thyroid achopatchy
Immune cells that infiltrate skin
- Lymphocytes
- Eosinophils
- Neutrophils
Main epidermal rash paterns
- Eczematous
- Psoriasiform
- Lichenoid
- Vesiculobullous/blistering
Eczematous rash features
Small vesicles in epidermis - stretch -> cavities
Keratin fractures + breaks off -> dry
Blisters
Weeping
Spongiosis - vesicular histology
Psoriasiform rash pathogenesis
Keratin abnoraml hyperproliferation -> scale
Lichenoid pathogeneisis
Autoimmune destruction proximal layer of epidermis -> purple
Pathogeneisis/features of vesicobulbous/blistering rash
Antibodies stick layers of skin together, antigen in basement membrane -> sperates dermis and epidermis, subepidermal blisters
Well defined roof, tense, dont rupture easily.
Bullous penfrinoid
causes of falls
- MSK
- injuries
- arthritis
- Postural hypotension
- Epilepsy
- Diabetic neuropathy
- Recent surgery
- parkinsons
- environmental hazards
- alcohol/deugs
- Senssory problems
- Infections
- incontinence - middle of night go to toilet, caffeine - coffee and tea
Medications causing falls
- ACEis
- zopiclone
- benzodiazapenes
- beta blockers
- Alpha blockers
- opioids
- antihistamines
- ARBs, CCBs
- Amytryptilline
- Diuretics
