Random Stuff Flashcards
Amount of amino acids?
21
Amount of essential amino acids for dogs and cats? What is the extra one called?
Dogs = 10
Cat = 11
Taurine
What molecule does fatty acid combine with to form fats?
Glycerol
Fats are classified as?
Saturated and unsaturated
Chemical bonding structure of unsaturated fats?
At least one double bond between carbon atoms
Chemical bonding structure of saturated fats?
No double bonds
What function is protein used for?
Growth, repairing cells and making new ones, used as source of energy if other sources have run out
What happens to excess protein in the body?
It’s not stored, it’s converted into urea and excreted in urine
What happens to saturated fats at room temperature?
What are they usually found in?
They’re solid at room temp.
They’re usually found in meat and dairy products.
What happens to unsaturated fats at room temperature?
What are they usually found in?
They’re liquid at room temp.
They’re usually found in vegetable products and fish.
Which are the fat soluble vitamins and what happens to them?
Fat soluble: A, D, E, K
They are absorbed by fats and travel through the bloodstream.
Which are the water soluble vitamins and what happens to them?
Water soluble: B, C
They dissolve in water and are immediately absorbed by tissues.
Where are fat soluble vitamins stored? What can too many stored vitamins cause?
Stored in the liver.
Can cause liver damage.
Where are water soluble vitamins stored?
What needs to happen because of this?
They are not stored, they’re excreted.
They need to be provided regularly in the diet.
What are the most common ruminants?
Cattle sheep, goat
What are the 3 accessory organs to the digestive system?
Pancreas, liver, gallbladder
Name of a fat enzyme?
Lipase
Name of a protein enzyme?
Pepsin
Name of a carbohydrate enzyme?
Amylase
Hindgut fermenters are good at digesting the carbohydrates present in…?
They do this by the process of…?
Cellulose
Fermentation
What are the four compartments of a ruminants stomach?
What do each of them do?
Rumen: partly digests food via bacterial fermentation
Reticulum: continue fermentation and stops larger particles/objects from going to next chamber
Omasum: water is squeezed out and reabsorbed/used for saliva
Abomasum: where chemical digestion (as seen in monogastric animals) takes place
What are the considerations when developing a diet plan?
-newly born
-not fully grown
-old
-life-stage
-very active
-very inactive
-pregnant/lactating
-overweight/underweight
Amount of kcals per gram in proteins/carbohydrates/fats?
Proteins: 3.5 kcals per gram
Carbohydrates: 3.5 kcals per gram
Fats: 8.7 kcals per gram
Things to consider in a feeding plan?
-choice of diet and appropriate quantities
-frequencies of food delivery
-methods of food delivery
-fresh water and it’s delivery
