Animal Feeding and Nutrition (Terminology) Flashcards
Monosaccharide
The simplest carbohydrates, e.g. glucose and fructose
Disaccharide
Two monosaccharides joined together, e.g. sucrose and lactose
Polysaccharide
Many monosaccharides joined together, aka ‘complex carbohydrates’, e.g. starch and cellulose
Amino acid
Organic molecules that combine to forms proteins and are essential for life
Peptide
A combination of amino acids
Dipeptide
A combination of two amino acids
Polypeptide
A combination of three or more amino acids
Protein
A combination of 50 or more amino acids, proteins are involved in almost all structures and functions of the body
Essential amino acids
Amino acids that a species is unable to make themselves and thus must be obtained through food sources
Fat (lipid)
A combination of fatty acid and glycerol
Arachidonic acid
An essential fatty acid that cats are unable to make
Fatty acid
A long chain of hydrogen and carbon atoms; some fatty acids are essential for life
Catabolism
The break down of biomolecules, e.g. digestion
Anabolism
The building of larger biomolecules, e.g. the creation of proteins from amino acids
Enzyme
A particular kind of protein that speeds up chemical reactions; they are substrate specific and critical to the breakdown of food
