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Year 5 - Paediatrics > Random pre-exam things > Flashcards

Random pre-exam things Flashcards

1
Q

Tx for whooping cough

A 
<1mo = clarithromycin 
>1mo = azithromycin 
Preg = erythromycin 
All for 1 week
Unless presenting >21 days
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2
Q

Which viral neonatal infection causes CP?

A

Acute CMV

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3
Q

How does the measles rash develop?

A

Becomes confluent then desquamates

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4
Q

Name 3 infections worst in older children.

A

chickenpox
PVB19
measles

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5
Q

Common short-term complication of measles?

A

Otitis media

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6
Q

Drugs for measles?

A

Ribavarin if immunocompromised

Vitamin A may modulate the immune response

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7
Q

Mx of contact with MMR when someone is <1yo/preg/immunocomp?

A

Immediate vaccination and another in 1 month (if <18mo then re-vaccinate in 3mo)

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8
Q

Isolate for how long in measles?

A

4 days after rash

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9
Q

Which infections do you need to isolate for 5 days post symptoms?

A

Rubella and mumps

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10
Q

Exclusion for scarlet fever vs whooping cough?

A

Scarlet fever - 24hrs after abx

WC - 48hrs after abx (or 3 weeks if not taking abx)

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11
Q

What does togavirus cause?

A

Rubella

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12
Q

When does the rash appear in PVB19?

A

Once the child starts to feel better

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13
Q

What if contact with PVB19 in an at-risk person?

A

Viral DNA test i.e. PCR

Urgent referral to fetal medicine unit if pregnant (at any stage of pregnancy - NICE)

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14
Q

PVB19 vs roseola?

A

PVB19: feel better then get fever
Roseola: 1 day of fever and rapidly followed by rash

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15
Q

Oral exanthem of roseola?

A

Nagayama spots which are papular exanthen on the uvula and soft palate

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16
Q

Measles vs roseola rash?

A

Roseola starts on torso and spreads out

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17
Q

How is roseola spread?

A

Saliva

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18
Q

Can you catch chickenpox from someone with shingles?

A

Yes

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19
Q

What CNS complication is characteristic in chickenpox?

A

Cerebellar

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20
Q

Why no NSAIDs in chickenpox?

A

Increased risk of infection

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21
Q

Risks of VZV in preg?

A

<20 weeks gestation there is <2% risk of skin scarring, ocular/neurological damage and digital dysplasia to fetus
5days before or after delivery there is 25% risk of vesicular rash and 30% risk of mortalit

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22
Q

When are people with rubella infectious mostly?

A

Mostly before the rash - 7 days

4 days after rash

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23
Q

Most common symptom in child with UTI >3mo?

A

Fever

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24
Q

Most common symptom in verbal child with UTI ?

A

Frequency and dysuria

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25
Q

Define recurrent UTI.

A

2 pyelos or
1 pyelo and 1 UTI or
3 UTI

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26
Q

US scans for children during UTI?

A

For atypical UTI in ALL children

For recurrent UTI in children <6mo

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27
Q

US scan 6 weeks after UTI?

A

For recurrent UTI in all children

For normal if <6mo and did not have a scan during acute episode

28
Q

DMSA 4-6 months after UTI?

A

For recurrent UTIs in all children

For atypical UTIs in <3yo

29
Q

MCUG after UTI?

A

For atypical and recurrent UTIs in children <6mo

30
Q

Treatment for cystitis in >3mo?

A

Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin for 3 days first line

31
Q

Treatment for pyelonephritis in >3mo?

A

Cefalexin for 7-10days

32
Q

What does proteus usually indicate?

A

Renal tract abnormalities

33
Q

Tx for systematically unwell children with UTI?

A

Ampicillin and gentamicin or IV cefixime (? this is in the MedEd guide only)

34
Q

Limit age for pincer grip and transfering?

A

Pincer grip = 12 months

Transfer = 9 months

35
Q

Median for following moving object?

A

6 weeks

36
Q

Median for palmar grasp and pincer grip?

A 
Palmar = 4-6 months 
Pincer = 10months
37
Q

What age do babies roll front to back?

A

6 months

38
Q

What age do babies grab their feet?

A

6 months

39
Q

Building block milestones?

A 
18 months - 3 
2yrs - 6 
2.5yrs - train or 8
3yrs - bridge or 9 
4yrs - steps
40
Q

What age do they draw a cross?

A

3.5-4yrs

41
Q

What age do they turn to SOFT sounds?

A

7 months (turn to normal sound at 3months)

42
Q

Speech milestones at 18 months?

A

6-10 words and 2 body parts (6+10+2 = 18)

43
Q

Limit ages for joining words?

A

2 words = ~2yo

3 words = 2.5yo

44
Q

One word other than mama/dada?

A

12 months

45
Q

Limit for constant babble?

A

10 months

46
Q

Limit for fearing strangers?

A

10 months

47
Q

Feeding self with spoon?

A

18 months (skillfully at 2.5yo)

48
Q

Holds beaker with lid?

A

12 months

49
Q

Waving bye bye?

A

12 months

50
Q

Nappy dry by day?

A

2yo

51
Q

When should a baby follow face/light?

A

2 weeks

52
Q

Using knife and fork?

A

5yo

53
Q

Plays peekaboo?

A

9 months

54
Q

Can dress except for laces and buttons?

A

4yo

55
Q

When does baby become shy?

A

9 months

56
Q

When can babies turn pages one at a time?

A

2yo

57
Q

Points with finger?

A

9months

58
Q

Mama vs erdeh time?

A

6 months erdeh

9 months mama etc

59
Q

When does baby know their own name and respond to it?

A

12 months

60
Q

Vocab of 6-8 words?

A

12-18 months

61
Q

Vocab of 20-50 words?

A

2yo

62
Q

Vocab of 200 words?

A

2.5yo

63
Q

When should a child be able to run?

A

16mo-2yo

64
Q

Cause of pansystolic murmur worse on inspiration?

A

Ebstein’s

65
Q

Egg on side appearance of heart on CXR?

A

TGA

66
Q

Boot shaped heart on CXR?

A

ToF

67
Q

Collapsing pulse?

A

PDA

Year 5 - Paediatrics (91 decks)

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