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NCLEX YOU GOT THIS! > Random Mark K > Flashcards

Random Mark K Flashcards

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1
Q

Underventilated ex

A 
Emphysema
Pneumonia 
Drowning 
PCA pump toxicity 
Too low setting
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2
Q

Prolonged suctioning or vomiting (lead to metabolic alkalosis)

A

Hyperemesis gravidum

Surgery w NG tube suction for 3 days

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3
Q

Lead to metabolic acidosis

A

Acute RF
infant diarrhea
3rd degree burns over 60% of body
Hyperemesis gravidum with dehydration

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4
Q

delirium tremens

A

severe form of alc withdrawal… manifesterd by AMS (global confusion) and sympathetic overdrive (autonomic hyperactivity)… which can lead to cardiovascular collapse

    • benzos are common meds used to calm NS
      i. e. lorazepam, diazepam, oxazepam, chlordiazepoxide
    • may also need IV fluids w vitamins and minerals to treat dehydration or bring electrolytes back to balance
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5
Q

meds for dts

A

anti-hypertensives
tranquilizers
multivitamin containing vit B1

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6
Q

what type of burns would you give pt aminoglycosides

A

infection from third degree wound covering > 80% of body

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7
Q

when would you use CCBs

A

treat A, AA, AAA
antihypertensive
antianginal drugs (decrease O2 demand)
antiatrialarrhythmia

**SE –> H/A and hypotension

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8
Q

examples of CCBs

A
  • dipine

verapimil, cardizem (diltiazem) * diltiazem is given continuous IV drip

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9
Q

tx for supraventricular arrhythmias

A 
atrial arrhythmias (super = above)
adenocard (adenosine)
beta blockers
CCBs 
digoxin/digitalis, lanoxin (Another dig analog)
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10
Q

what to do if water seal of a chest tube breaks

A

clamp clamp, unclamp, place tube under water must be done in 15 seconds or less
cut the tube away
submerge the end of the tube under sterile water THE MOST IMPORTANT STEP
unclamp tube if it was initially clamped clamping the tube prevents air to get into the chest but does not allow anything from the chest to get out

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11
Q

what to do if drainage device (i.e. jackson pratt, emission, pneumovac, hemovac, etc) is knocked over?

A

ask pt to take a deep breath and set the device back up

NOT A MED EMERGENCY, no neet to call physician

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12
Q

what to do if chest tube gets pulled out?

A
  1. take a gloved hand and cover the opening first step

2. take a sterile vaseline gauze and tape 3 sides best step

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13
Q

what does it mean if the water seal chamber is continuously bubbling

A

BAD

indicates a break/leak in the system (find it and tape it)

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14
Q

what does it mean if suction control chamber is intermittently bubbling

A

BAD

suction pressure is too low, increase it at the wall until it is continuous

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15
Q

rules for clamping tubes

A

do not clamp for more than 15 seconds w/o order

use a rubber tooth (will not puncture tubing), double clamps

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16
Q

pediatric pt with congential heart defect

A

needs surgery now/soon to live
has a slowed/delayed growth and development (FTT)
shortened life expectancy
parents will experience

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17
Q

acute glomerularnephritis

A

inflammation and subsequent damage of glomeruli leading to hematuria, proteinuria and azotemia higher BUN’

urine output may be decreased in early stages

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18
Q

when should you notify healthcare provider for pt in labor for 16 hours

A

fetal HR above 160 for longer than 10 mins
variable decels report IMMEDIATELY **sharp and profound drops in the fetal HR unrelated to time of contractions are NON-REASSURING cord compression like prolapsed cord

19
Q

gastrotomy

A

insert a tube through the abdomen and into the stomach

  • provide route for tube feeding if needed for four weeks or longer and or to vent the stomach for air or drainage
  • children may need if they are having a intestine transplant or after intestinal transplant
  • if pt can’t tolerate NG
20
Q

reasons for enteral feedings

A

stroke
cancer
critical illness/injury, which reduces energy/ability to eat
failure to thrive
serious illness, body in state of stress
neurologic/mov’t diorders that incr cal requirements
GI dysfunction or disease may require IV nutrition instead

21
Q

enteral vs parenteral feeding

A

if you’re at risk for malnutrition and don’t have a functional GI system… may need parenteral feeding
** port of PICC
if you need supplementary nutrition = peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) –> all nutritional requirements through IV = TPN

22
Q

late sign of incr ICP

A

babinski reflex
decorticate
decerebrate postures
seizures

23
Q

nonstress test reactive

A

assesses fetal HR and movement, noninvasive procedure has no risk to mom/child

  • nonreactive indicates fetus needs more monitoring and testing
  • test occurs over 20 min period
  • 2 or more accelerations
  • accelerations are 15 b/min lasting 15 seconds
  • measures FHR in response to fetal mov’t
24
Q

examples of objective data

A

BP, HR, RR, O2 sat
gait and posture
uncoordinated or spontaneous body movements
hygiene and grooming

25
Q

side effects of levothyroxine sodium for hypothyroidism

A

slight heat intolerance
weight loss
insomnia

26
Q

tx for DI

A

desmopressin
thiazide diuretics
anti-inflammatories

pt at risk for fluid volume deficit bc client may be experiencing polyuria *may manifest as tachycardia, hypotension, thready pulse, hypernatremia

**hydrocortisone is short-actinhg corticosteroid and is indicated for ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY

27
Q

hyperthyrodism tx

A

methimazole

propylthiouracil

28
Q

manifestations + tx of pheochromocytoma

A

type of neuroendocrine tumor that grows from cells called chromaffin cells
- cells produce hormones needed for the body and are found in the adrenal glands

** hypertension, H/A, sweating and s/s of panic attack life threatening

give antihypertensives (like prazosin which is an alpha-adrenergic blocker)

29
Q

what medication should pt not take with phenytoin

A

calcium carbonate **can decrease the effects of phenytoin, decrease bioavailability

NO ANTACIDS
separate times by at least 2-3 hours

30
Q

ace inhibitors uses and concerns

A
  • manage HR and hypertension

MED MAY BE NEPHROTOXIC… need to watch creatinine and GFR

31
Q

lugol’s solution purpose

A

to reduce the size of the thyroid and reduce bleeding

**given 10-14 days before surgery to decrease vascularity of thyroid

32
Q

brown-sequard syndrome

A

incomplete spinal cord injury
- weakness/paralysis (hemi-paraplegia) on the ipsiolateral (same) and sensory loss (hemianesthesia) on the contralateral (opposite) side

33
Q

when would you use a 24-hour urine sample to diagnose

A

pheochromocytoma

abnormal protein quantification in multiple myeloma

34
Q

cystitis s/s

A 
leukocyte esterase
nitrite
rbcs
abnormal number of WBCs 
bacteria
35
Q

when would you hear fine crackles

A

pulmonary edema
asthma
obstructive diseases

36
Q

when would you hear coarse crackles

A

pulmonary edema
pneumonia
depressed cough reflex

37
Q

when would you hear wheezes

A

asthma
bronchitis
chronic emphysema

38
Q

when would you hear stridor

A

croup
epiglottis
any airway obstruction

** requires medical attention

39
Q

emphysema s/s

A

hyperventilation, breathing fast, trying to blow off CO2

PINK PUFFER

  • barrel chest
  • thin weight loss
  • SOB
  • severe dyspnea
40
Q

chronic bronchitis s/s

A
  • mucus secretition
  • chronic productive cough

BLUE BLOATERS

  • cyanotic too much CO2, hypexemia
  • peripheral edema
  • rhonchi and wheezing
  • chronic cough
41
Q

COPD meds

A

bronchodilators first
corticosteroids second
buproprion

  • asone
  • inide
  • olone
42
Q

Pneumonia meds

A 
antipyretics
antibiotics 
antivirals 
bronchodilators
cough suppressants
mucolytic agents
43
Q

status asthmaticus

A 
life threatening asthma episode 
O2
HYDRATE
NEBULIZATION 
SYSTEMIC CORTICOSTEROID

NCLEX YOU GOT THIS! (14 decks)

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