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Question 1

Wheel Chair Measurement Parameters (Standard WC)

Answer 1

Seat Height =
Measure from the user’s heel to
the popliteal fold and add 2 inches
to allow clearance of the footrest

Seat Depth =
    Measure from the user’s posterior
buttock, along the lateral thigh to
the popliteal fold; then subtract 2
inches to avoid pressure from the
front edge of the seat against the
popliteal space

Seat Width =
    Measure the widest aspect of the
user’s buttocks, hips or thighs and
add 2 inches. This will provide
space for bulky clothing, orthoses
or clearance of trochanters from
the armrest side panel

Back Height =
    Measure from the seat of the chair
to the floor of the axilla with the
user’s shoulder flexed to 90, then
subtract 4 inches. This will allow
the final back height to be below
the inferior angles of the scapula.
(If a seat cushion is used…)

Question 2

Assistance Levels

Answer 2

Min A - Pt performs 75% of task, Therapist 25%
Mod A - Pt performs 50% of task, Therapist 50%
Max A - Pt performs 25% of task, Therapist 75%

CGA - PT or PTA is positioned close to pt with hands on the pt/Gait belt. The likelihood of assistance is high.

SBA (close guarding) - PT or PTA is positioned close to pt w/o hands on. The likelihood of assistance is fair.

Modified Independent = Pt is able to perform 100% of activity on their own WITH an AD

Independent = Pt is able to perform 100% of activity on their own.

Notation of X(1,2,3) = denotes how many persons of A are required above the PT/PTA.

Question 3

ROM Norms: UE

Answer 3

UE

• Shoulder Flex: 180*
• Shoulder Ext: 50-60*
• Shoulder ABD: 180*
• Shoulder ER: 90-100*
• Shoulder IR: 70-90*
• Elbow Flex: 140-150*
• Elbow Ext: 0*
• Forearm Pronation: 80*
• Forearm Supination: 80*
• Wrist Flex: 60-80*
• Wrist Ext: 60-70*
• Radial Dev: 20-25*
• Ulnar Dev: 30-40*
• MCP Flex: 90-100*
• PIP Flex: 0-100*
• DIP Flex: 0-90*
• Finger ABD: 0-20*
• Finger ADD: 20-0*

Question 4

Rule of Nines (Burns)

Answer 4

Head/face = 9%

UE =
Anterior surface = 4.5%
Posterior surface = 4.5%
Totaling 9% if UE is completely burned.

Torso =
Anterior surface = 18%
Posterior surface = 18%

Genitals = 1%

LE =
Anterior surface = 9%
Posterior surface = 9%
Totaling 18% if LE is completely burned.

**Only difference in Children VS adults is…
LE =
Anterior surface = 7%
Posterior surface = 7%
Totaling 14% if LE is completely burned.

Question 5

Equines (Gait Pattern)

Answer 5

• Equine gait = a gait pattern characterized by high steps; usually involves excessive activity of the gastrocnemius. (Hypertonicity of the gastroc, causing excessive PF, resulting in a vaulting gait pattern).

Question 6

Doppler Ultrasonography

Answer 6

Non-invasive test that evaluates blood flow in the major veins, arteries, and cerebrovascular system.
High freq sound waves produce cross-sectional images in a variety of planes.
Perks of this test: safer, less expensive, requires short time period than more invasive tests

Question 7

Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)

What is it used for?
What does the scoring telling us?

Answer 7

ABI compares systolic BP at the ankle and arm to check for peripheral artery disease.

Scoring Interpretation:
> 1.30: Indicates rigid arteries and need for US test to check for PAD

1. 0 - 1.30: Normal; no blockage
2. 8 - 0.99: Mild blockage; beginnings of PAD
3. 4 - 0.79: Moderate blockage; may be associated with intermittent claudication during exercise

Question 8

Arteriography

Answer 8

Radiography that visualizes injected radiopaque dye in an artery

used to identify arteriosclerosis, tumors, blockages

Question 9

Arthrography

Answer 9

Invasive test utilizing a contrast medium to provide visualization of joint structures through radiographs. Soft tissue disruption can be identified by leakage from the joint cavity capsule

used at peripheral joints such as hip, knee, ankle, elbow, wrist

Question 10

ROM Norms: LE

Answer 10

LE :

• Hip Flex: 120*
• Hip Ext: 15-20*
• Hip ABD: 40*
• Hip ADD: 20*
• Hip IR: 40-45*
• Hip ER: 45-50*
• Knee Flex: 135-150*
• Knee Ext: 0*
• Dorsiflexion: 20*
• Plantarflexion: 40-50*
• Inversion: 30-35*
• Eversion: 10-15*
• Hallux & MTP Flex: 30-35*
• Hallux & MTP Ext: 50-70*

Question 11

ROM Norms: Cervical

Answer 11

Cervical Flex: 40*
Cervical Ext: 50*
Lat Rotation: 70-90*
Lat Flexion: 22*

Question 12

MMT grades (#/word)

Answer 12

☛ 0/5 = Zero
☛ 1/5 = Trace
(-) poor minus
☛ 2/5 = Poor  (completion ROM gravity eliminated)
(+) poor plus
(-) fair minus (1/2 of full ROM w/ gravity)
☛ 3/5 = Fair (completion ROM w/ gravity but no manual restis)     
(+) fair plus
(-) good minus
☛ 4/5 = Good 
(+) good plus
☛ 5/5 = Normal