Pathology Related

Question 1

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Answer 1

• Effects females more than males?

-

Question 2

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 2

Autoimmune disease - defect in transmission of nerve impulses to the muscles at the neuromuscular junction; antibodies block/destroy receptors needed for Ach uptake and that prevents muscles from contracting

Etiology: Autoimmune disease associated with enlarged thymus and other autoimmune diseases; ranges from mild to severe involvement

S&S: Extreme fatiguability and skeletal muscle weakness that can fluctuate; ocular muscles typically affected first and half of pts experience ptosis (drooping eyelids) and diplopia; dysphagia, dysarthria, cranial nerve weakness are also common

Tx: Disease process fluctuates - pt experiences exacerbation and remissions; pharmacology; PT/OT

PT: Respiratory baseline/pulmonary intervention, energy conservation techniques, strengthening using iso contractions; meds may cause secondary osteoporosis

How do we remember this one…? Myasthenia Gravis
My = think “myo” for muscle
asthenia = muscle weakness
Gravis = pts are so fatigued they have droopy eyelids, can’t see straight, and want to lie down in their grave…??? yikes!

Question 3

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Answer 3

Temporary inflammation and demyelination of peripheral nerves, potentially resulting in axonal degeneration

Etiology: Unknown but may be related to autoimmune response to previous respiratory infection, flu, immunization or surgery;

S&S: Motor weakness distal to proximal, sensory impairment, possible respiratory paralysis; level of disability usually peaks within 2-4wks after onset; can be life threatening with respiratory involvement

Tx: Hospitalization to tx sx; pharmacology, cardiac monitoring, plasmapheresis, maybe mechanical ventilation; PT/OT/Speech;

PT: Pulmonary rehab, strength, mobility, AD training; progression depends on pt and remember not to tire them out too much.

Question 4

Raynaud’s Disease

- Cold intolerance

Answer 4

Disease causes some areas of your body — such as your fingers and toes — to feel numb and cold in response to cold temperatures or stress. In Raynaud’s disease, smaller arteries that supply blood to your skin narrow, limiting blood circulation to affected areas (vasospasm).

Question 5

Intermittent Claudication

intermittent: irregular intervals

Answer 5

a condition in which cramping pain in the leg is induced by exercise, typically caused by obstruction of the arteries.

Question 6

Benign Prostatic Hyperplagia

Answer 6

Most common Sx is frequent urge for urination. NOT painful urination.