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Question 1

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and membranous nephropathy

Answer 1

Nonselective proteinuria

Question 2

Humps subepithelially

Answer 2

Acute proliferative

Question 3

Spikes and domes subepithelially

Answer 3

Membranous nephropathy

Question 4

Sub endothelial tram tracking

Answer 4

Membranoproliferative

Question 5

Ratio > 20:1

Answer 5

Pre-renal injury

Question 6

Proton pump inhibitors can cause

Answer 6

Interstitial nephritis

Question 7

Obstruction can cause

Answer 7

Hyperkalemia

Question 8

Cysts from tubules all throughout nephron

Answer 8

ADPKD

Question 9

More common but less progressive

Answer 9

ADPKD

Question 10

Progressive.

Answer 10

ARPKD

Question 11

Cysts from collecting ducts

Answer 11

ARPKD

Question 12

Caused by failure of formation of ureteric bud

Answer 12

Renal agenesis

Question 13

Causes potter syndrome (Anuria, oligohydramnios, pulmonary hypoplasia)

Answer 13

Potter syndrome - renal agenesis

Question 14

Wilms tumors gene (WT1) on Chr

Answer 14

11

Question 15

Aniridia, hemi hypertrophy, Wilms tumor

Answer 15

WAGR

Question 16

Renal failure, pseduohermaphraditism, Wilms tumor

Answer 16

Denys-drash

Question 17

1-3 million collecting tubules and ducts, major and minor calyces, renal pelvis, ureters

Answer 17

Ureteric bud

Question 18

Glomeruli, PCT, loop of henle, DCT, Bowman’s space (parietal layer and podocytes)

Answer 18

Metanephric blastema

Question 19

Aberrant renal artery obstructs urine flow at

Answer 19

Pelviureteral junction

Question 20

Horseshoe kidney causes increased risk of

Answer 20

Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor)

Question 21

Formed in wk 4 and disappears by wk 5

Answer 21

Pro nephrons

Question 22

7-10 solid cell groups in cervical region

Answer 22

Pronephros

Question 23

Forms vestigial excretory units (nephrotomes) that regress when more caudal ones are formed

Answer 23

Pronephros

Question 24

Wks 3-4. Upper thoracic > L3.

Answer 24

Mesonephros

Question 25

Forms first excretory tubules in early wk 4 as Pronephros regress

Answer 25

Mesonephros

Question 26

Forms ductus deferents, ejaculatory duct, epididymis, and seminal vesicle

Answer 26

Mesonephric (Wolfiann duct) in males

Question 27

Forms vestigial garner's ducts

Answer 27

Mesonephros in females

Question 28

At day 28 mesonephric duct >

Answer 28

Ureteric bud

Question 29

Forms definitive adult kidney from ureteric bud

Answer 29

Metanephros

Question 30

Ureteric bud penetrates

Answer 30

Sacral intermediate mesoderm (metanephric blastema)

Question 31

Selective albumin proteinuria

Answer 31

Minimal change