Random

Question 1

What organ problems can cause pain at the scapula tp?

Answer 1

Gallbladder

Question 2

Where does reteric pain localise?

Answer 2

Inguinal canal

Question 3

What is the diagnosis in an old person with painless jaundice until proven otherwsie?

Answer 3

Pancreatic cancer

Question 4

Symptom when one recurrent laryngeal nerve damaged?

Answer 4

Hoarse voice

Question 5

What is the function of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Question 6

What roots can be damaged with Erbs palsy?

Answer 6

C5,C6,C7

Question 7

How can you tell if a neck lump is involved with the thyroid?

Answer 7

If it moves on swallowing, it is thyroid involved

Question 8

What sort of neck lump is it if it moves with tongue protrusion?

Answer 8

Thyroglossal cyst

Question 9

What is a thyroglossla cyst?

Question 10

What is a neck lump if it moves on swallowing but not on tongue protrusion>

Answer 10

Thyroid enlargement/goitre

Question 11

What is T3 and T4

Answer 11

T3= triiodothyroxine
T4 - Thyroxine

Question 12

What is a myxoedema crisis?

Question 13

What does a myxoedema crisis cause?

Answer 13

Heart failure, perfusions, decreased consciousness, hypoglycasemia

Question 14

How to treat a myxoedema crisis

Answer 14

T3 doses
Steroids, fluids

Question 15

What are normal glucose levels?

Answer 15

4 to 6 mmol

Question 16

Four is the lfoor

Answer 16

glucose cappilary level under 4 = hypoglycaemic

Question 17

Sympotms of hypoglycaemia

Answer 17

Confusion
Sweaty
Stroke like - speech difficulty, odd behaviour, incoordination
Shaky
Drowsy
Palpitations

Question 18

What type of symptoms occue first with hypoglycaemia and why

Answer 18

Adrenergic - ‘warning’ @ 3.6-3.9mmol
Neuroglycopneic only occr under 2.8mmol
Variation in patients

Question 19

Which patients do neuroglycopenic symptoms dominate in?

Answer 19

T1DM longer duration, 10+ years - may feel have ‘lost’ hypoglycaemic warning, ask in hisotry

Question 20

2 causes of hypoglycaemia

Answer 20

Glucose entering system at slower rate - congenital enxzyme deficinecyes
Glucose leaving bloodstream at higher rate, more common

Question 21

When do adrenergic symptoms of a hypo not occur? Who is this the greatest risk to?

Answer 21

While sleeping
Ovedrnight hypos more dangerous, significatn morality and morbidity in those who have lost their counter regulatory response and have hypoglycaemia unawareness.

Question 22

What treatment would you give a sevverely hypo collapsed paitent with a cannula in situ?

Answer 22

IV Glucose 20% 100mls
If no canula, 1mg IM glucagon

Question 23

What to give if patient conscious and why dont give chocolate biscuit

Answer 23

Fruit juice or glucogel
Fat slows absorption of glucose

Question 24

What is erythema nodu=osum seen in?

Answer 24

Crohns

Question 25

Parameters for hypovolaemia

Answer 25

Systolic BP under 90
HR over 100
CRT over 2 secs
Cold peripheries
RR over 20

Question 26

Parameters for hypovolaemia

Answer 26

Systolic BP under 100
HR over 90
CRT under 2 secs
Cold peripheries
RR over 20

Question 27

CUSHINGOID acronym for corticosteroids side effects

Answer 27

C – Cataracts
U – Ulcers
S – Striae, Skin thinning
H – Hypertension, Hirsutism
I – Immunosuppression, Infections
N – Necrosis of femoral heads
G – Glucose elevation
O – Osteoporosis, Obesity
I – Impaired wound healing
D – Depression/mood changes

Question 28

What is pretibial myxoedema?

Answer 28

Hyperthyroidism skin condition - waxy discolouration of skin

Question 29

Why is loperamide contraindicated in GE?

Answer 29

Keeps bacteria inside GI tract -> toxic megacolon

Question 30

What differntials have from/causing long lie

Answer 30

Sepsis
Delirium
Rhabdomyolysis
Posionning
Thyroid dysfunction

Question 31

What disease is H pylori mst strongly ass with

Answer 31

Duodenal ulcer
Also can cause gastric adenocarcinoma, atrophic gastritis