Random Flashcards

1
Q

What organ problems can cause pain at the scapula tp?

A

Gallbladder

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2
Q

Where does reteric pain localise?

A

Inguinal canal

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3
Q

What is the diagnosis in an old person with painless jaundice until proven otherwsie?

A

Pancreatic cancer

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4
Q

Symptom when one recurrent laryngeal nerve damaged?

A

Hoarse voice

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5
Q

What is the function of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

A
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6
Q

What roots can be damaged with Erbs palsy?

A

C5,C6,C7

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7
Q

How can you tell if a neck lump is involved with the thyroid?

A

If it moves on swallowing, it is thyroid involved

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8
Q

What sort of neck lump is it if it moves with tongue protrusion?

A

Thyroglossal cyst

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9
Q

What is a thyroglossla cyst?

A
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10
Q

What is a neck lump if it moves on swallowing but not on tongue protrusion>

A

Thyroid enlargement/goitre

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11
Q

What is T3 and T4

A

T3= triiodothyroxine
T4 - Thyroxine

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12
Q

What is a myxoedema crisis?

A
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13
Q

What does a myxoedema crisis cause?

A

Heart failure, perfusions, decreased consciousness, hypoglycasemia

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14
Q

How to treat a myxoedema crisis

A

T3 doses
Steroids, fluids

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15
Q

What are normal glucose levels?

A

4 to 6 mmol

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16
Q

Four is the lfoor

A

glucose cappilary level under 4 = hypoglycaemic

17
Q

Sympotms of hypoglycaemia

A

Confusion
Sweaty
Stroke like - speech difficulty, odd behaviour, incoordination
Shaky
Drowsy
Palpitations

18
Q

What type of symptoms occue first with hypoglycaemia and why

A

Adrenergic - ‘warning’ @ 3.6-3.9mmol
Neuroglycopneic only occr under 2.8mmol
Variation in patients

19
Q

Which patients do neuroglycopenic symptoms dominate in?

A

T1DM longer duration, 10+ years - may feel have ‘lost’ hypoglycaemic warning, ask in hisotry

20
Q

2 causes of hypoglycaemia

A

Glucose entering system at slower rate - congenital enxzyme deficinecyes
Glucose leaving bloodstream at higher rate, more common

21
Q

When do adrenergic symptoms of a hypo not occur? Who is this the greatest risk to?

A

While sleeping
Ovedrnight hypos more dangerous, significatn morality and morbidity in those who have lost their counter regulatory response and have hypoglycaemia unawareness.

22
Q

What treatment would you give a sevverely hypo collapsed paitent with a cannula in situ?

A

IV Glucose 20% 100mls
If no canula, 1mg IM glucagon

23
Q

What to give if patient conscious and why dont give chocolate biscuit

A

Fruit juice or glucogel
Fat slows absorption of glucose

24
Q

What is erythema nodu=osum seen in?

25
Parameters for hypovolaemia
Systolic BP under 90 HR over 100 CRT over 2 secs Cold peripheries RR over 20
26
Parameters for hypovolaemia
Systolic BP under 100 HR over 90 CRT under 2 secs Cold peripheries RR over 20
27
CUSHINGOID acronym for corticosteroids side effects
C – Cataracts U – Ulcers S – Striae, Skin thinning H – Hypertension, Hirsutism I – Immunosuppression, Infections N – Necrosis of femoral heads G – Glucose elevation O – Osteoporosis, Obesity I – Impaired wound healing D – Depression/mood changes
28
What is pretibial myxoedema?
Hyperthyroidism skin condition - waxy discolouration of skin
29
Why is loperamide contraindicated in GE?
Keeps bacteria inside GI tract -> toxic megacolon
30
What differntials have from/causing long lie
Sepsis Delirium Rhabdomyolysis Posionning Thyroid dysfunction
31
What disease is H pylori mst strongly ass with
Duodenal ulcer Also can cause gastric adenocarcinoma, atrophic gastritis