Medications affecting the kidneys Flashcards
1
Q
Medication affecting the kidney what can target
A
Elimination
Effect on BP
Effect on fluid status
Electrolytes
2
Q
When stop methotrexate with eGFR
A
- Review if eGFR <45
- Stop if <30
- Prescribe with caution if rapid change in GFR
3
Q
Why cant take sulfonylureas with kidney disease
A
Increased half life as not cleared -> hypoglycaemia
4
Q
Trimethoprim and kindneys
A
- Increase risk hyperkalemia
- Cretinine serum increase (increased tubular secretion)
- May → false positive AKI diagnosis due to raised creatinine levels
5
Q
Solutes absorbed by kdineys
A
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Bicarbonate
- Chloride
- Amino acids
6
Q
Diseases casing CKD
A
- Diabetes
- HPTN
- Vascular disease
- MI, CVD, PVD
- BPH
- Recurrent UTI - chronic pyelobephritis
- Rexurrent kidney stones - nephrocalcinosis
7
Q
Diseases causing AKI
A
- SLE
- Vasculitis
- Infections - HepB/C, HIV
- Myeloma
8
Q
Causes of oliguria <300ml a dya
A
- Nephirtic syndrome
- Acute renal failure
- Chronic end satge renal fialure
9
Q
ANuria causes
A
- Conplete obstruction
- Vascular catastrophe
- Acute cortical necrosis
10
Q
Causes of polyuria
A
- Diuretics
- Reduced ADH secretion
- Cranial diabetes insipidus
- Aclohol
- Insensitivity to ADH
- Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- Psychogenic polydipsia
- Atrial naturitic peptide (ANP) release
- Cardiac arrhytmias
- Cardiac failure
- Osmotic diuresis
- Hyperglycaemia
- Hypercalcuria
- CKD
11
Q
Causes of nocturia
A
- CKD
- Conditions with osmotic agent in urine eg glucose in DM
- Prostatic disease
12
Q
What colour is wee in nephritic sundrome
A
Cola
13
Q
What does tea coloured urine occur in
A
Myoglobinuria - secondary to rhabdomyolysis
14
Q
What does hyperphosphatemia cause
A
- itchiness, lethargy
15
Q
What does if HPTN, anaemia, uraemia or hyperphosphatemia suggest
A
Kidney cant perform basic tasks
