Radiotherapy Saftey HW10

Question 1

An example of a simplicifcation solution in a process is?

1. Flashing a large warning message in the middle of the display
2. Requiring a password
3. Making the action easy and somewhat automatic
4. Making sure the action occurs naturally

Answer 1

3. Making the action easy and somewhat automatic

Question 2

An example of a solution which makes things visible is?

1. Making the hand pendant easy to use with one hand.
2. Requiring two buttons be pushed to move the gantry
3. Building in system to address failures
4. Using colors for warning messages

Answer 2

4. Using colors for warning messages

Question 3

Errors which occur by action of the frontline personnel are often called?

1. Active Errors
2. Frontline Errors
3. Latent Errors
4. Final Violations

Answer 3

1. Active Errors

Question 4

Which of the following is potentially NOT an advantage of automation?

1. Overreliance by the humans
2. Lack of understanding of the function of automation
3. Alarm fatigue
4. All of the above

Answer 4

4. All of the above

Question 5

The stragetgy of using Constraints in a process includes the use of

1. Different colors for different levels of importance
2. Passwords to acknowlege messages
3. All of the above
4. A visual prompt to guide action
5. Failure mode effects analysis

Answer 5

2. Passwords to acknowlege messages

Question 6

According to the institue of medicine report in 1999, how many patients will die each year due to preventable medical erros?

Answer 6

44,000-98,000

Question 7

Failures in the degsin of a process upstream from the point of contact yet allow inevitable active errors to cause hard are called?

1. Laten Error
2. Process Error
3. System Error
4. Active Error

Answer 7

1. Latent Error

Question 8

According to the Amercian Associtation of Therapeutic Radiation Oncologist (ASTRO) nearly 2/3 of all cancer patients will receive Radiation Therapy during their illness

True or False

Answer 8

True

Question 9

James Reason described a theroy where errors nearly always occur when multiple steps in the system have failures at the same time. This model is known as the?

Answer 9

Swiss Cheese Model

Question 10

List one industy which is considered a “Safe Industry” which the medical community could learn from to reduce medical errors

Answer 10

Space, Airline, Nuclear,