HW 9- Radiobiology

Question 1

The dose response relationship which shows that any dose, no matter how small, will produce an effect is called

1. The non-threshold model
2. Natural incidence
3. A linear relationship
4. Extrapolation response

Answer 1

The non-threshold model

Question 2

Which of the following organs is lest sensitives to a given dose of radiation

1. Cornea
2. Muscle
3. Skin
4. Thyroid

Answer 2

Muscle

Question 3

Protaction is the process of

1. Dividing the dose into different fractions
2. Increasing the RBE of the radiation
3. Delivering the dose over a longer period of time
4. Delivering the dose at a constant dose rate

Answer 3

Delivering the dose over a longer period of time

Question 4

Which is true regarding the radiobiological effectiveness, RBE

1. The RBE is greater than 1.0 for protons
2. After initially increasing the RBE decreases for very high LET values
3. As the LET of x-rays increases. RBE increases
4. All of the above

Answer 4

All of the above

Question 5

Radiation response effects which tend to occur randomly long after exposure to radiation are called

1. Background effects
2. Indeterminate late effects
3. Stochastic effect
4. Below threshold effect

Answer 5

Stochastic effect

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a part of the law of Bergonie and Tribondeau

1. Cells with a high metabolic rate are more sensitive to radiation
2. Cells radio-sensitivity is directly proportional to the cells reproductive activity
3. Highly differentiated cells are more sensitive to radiation
4. Less specialized cells are more sensitive to radiation

Answer 6

Highly differentiated cells are more sensitive to radiation

Question 7

Which of the following cells has the lowest sensitivity to radiation

1. Intestinal crypt cells
2. Nerve cells
3. Spermatids
4. Spermatogonia

Answer 7

Nerve Cells

Question 8

Free radicals are an example of

1. Interphase death
2. A main-chain scission break of the DNA
3. An indirect effect of radiation damage
4. Direct DNA damage

Answer 8

An indirect effect of radiation damage

Question 9

Cells which have a low, but measurable, level of oxygenation are called

1. Anoxic
2. Aerobic
3. Hypoxic
4. Anerobic

Answer 9

Hypoxic

Question 10

The rate at which energy is delivered to tissue by ionizing radiation is known as

1. Radiobiological effectiveness RBE
2. Linear Energy Transfer, LET
3. Oxygen Enhancement Ratio, OER
4. Free Radical effect, FRE

Answer 10

Linear Energy Transfer, LET