Radiology Quiz 1 Flashcards
What are the 10 properties of
X-Rays?
- Produced by the conversion of electric energy into radiation
- Invisible
- Most powerful beams travel in straight lines
- Can penetrate opaque tissues and structures (skin/teeth/bone)
- Can affect a photographic film/digital sensor to produce and image on film or a computer
- Can affect living tissue and cells
- Travel at the speed of light = 186,000mps
- Man-made
- Ionizes gas, liquids, solids
- Weightless
Who is William Conrad Roentgan?
German physicist, discovered X-rays on NOVEMBER 8th, 1895
Used crooked tube which took 45 min per exposure
Who is William Rollins?
1896, developed the first dental X-ray unit
Who is Otto Walkoff?
1896, first person to take a dental X-ray, reduced time to 25 min per exposure
Who is C.Edmund Kells?
1896, first dentist to expose his patients with radiation
Who is William Coolidge?
1913, he invented the hot cathode X-ray tube, the unit we use today (tungsten filament)
What is Ionization?
Process by which electrons are removed from electrically stable atoms
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space and has a form or shape
What is a crest?
Height of a wave
What is a trough?
Depth of wave
What is wavelength?
Distance between two crests, measured by energy
What is frequency?
Number of oscillations per unit of time
What is oscillations?
Frequency of wavelength
Difference between radioluscent and radiopaque?
Radioluscent - transparent to radiation, black areas on radiograph
Radiopaque - not transparent to radiation, white or gray areas on radiograph
Where is the maxillary sinus seen when exposed on X-rays?
Posterior maxillary near molars
When it comes to horizontal bitewing radiographs, what do we use them to diagnose?
Interproximal Decay
When it comes to vertical bitewings, what are they used to diagnose?
Periodontal disease
What do we use periapical radiographs for?
Crowns and roots, full mouth survey
What is the purpose of a panoramic film?
To get an FMS
What is the purpose of a cephalometric radiographs?
X-ray used by orthos, to take measurements of head/neck/teeth/jaw
What is the purpose of a lead apron and thyroid collar?
X-rays can not penetrate lead, protects patients from radiation
Protects thyroids/neck/gonads
When discussing the lead apron, what is the minimum thickness?
0.25-0.35mm thick
Only time a thyroid collar can’t be used?
Panoramic and cephalometric
What is Alara?
Radiation as low as reasonably achievable
Another name for paralleling technique?
Right angle/long cone
What year was paralleling technique implemented?
1920
What image receptor holders are used for the paralleling technique?
XCPs
- Localization Ring
- Rod
- Biteblock
What color codes do we use for paralleling technique?
Yellow XCP - posterior PAs
Blue XCP - anterior PAs
Red XCP - BWX
Green XCP - endodontist during RCT
What year was the bat technique utilized? Bisecting angle technique/short cone
1907
What image holder receptors are used for the bisecting technique?
Disposable and non disposable
Disposables are stabes(A/P PAs) and bitewing tabs(BWX)
Nondisposable - ezee grip/snap a ray (all)
Curve of spee?
Curvature formed by the maxillary and mandibular arches in occlusion (natural curve of your teeth)
Curve of Wilson?
Cross-arch curvature of the occlusal plane/linguals
The right angle technique began in what year?
1920
What is the criteria for periapical films? The upper and lower clearances for maxillary and mandibular films?
1/8” at the crown and 2-3mm at the roots
What would appear on radiolucent and radiopaque image receptors?
Radiolucent - pulp and cavities
Radiopaque- amalgam and crowns
What does an X-ray mean?
Unknown ray
Radiography
The making of radiographs by exposing an image receptor to ionizing radiation
Radiology
The study of radiation and the technique and technology used to produce radio graphic images
Radiograph
Term given to a film-based or digital image produced by exposure to X-rays for the purpose of assessing a condition or treatment intervention
Roentgan ray
Term given by scientists following its discovery by Wilhelm Conrad roentgen (later know as X-ray)
How many X-rays make up a standard fmx? How many posterior PAs, how many anterior, and how many bwx?
18-20 Fmx
6 Anterior
8 Posterior
4 bitewings
