Radiology Flashcards
FOREIGN BODIES
What type of imaging is used for this?
Plain radiographs- AP and lateral views
DYSPHAGIA
What is the initial direct investigation?
If the above does not show anything, what is used next?
If malignancy is discovered, patients proceed to tumour staging with what?
Endoscopy
Ba swallow
CT/MRI
NECK LUMPS
What is the most useful investigation here (and for salivary gland disease)?
The above test can be used to do what else?
Ultrasound
FNA (thyroid lumps, malignancy)
LYMPH NODES
Benign ones tend to be what shape?
What are some other features of benign lymph nodes?
Malignant ones tend to be what shape?
If there is uncertainty, what investigation is used?
Elliptical
Central fatty hilum, organised vascular supply
Round
Ultrasound guided FNA
THYROID MASSES
What accounts for 80% of these masses?
If in doubt, what investigation should be done?
If malignancy is suspected, what should be assessed?
Hyperplastic nodules
FNA
Local lymph nodes
CANCER
What are the standard investigations for staging?
CT neck and chest
What test is best for imaging the larynx?
What test is best for imaging pathologies of the skull base?
What test is best in the elderly and debilitated? Why?
CT
MRI
CT- less time
DEAFNESS
Which imaging test is used in the investiagtion of sensorineural deafness?
What imaging test is used in the investigation of conductive deafness?
What is a pathology which may show up on imaging for both?
MRI
CT
Sensorineural = vestibular schwannoma, conductive = cholesteatoma
What space is this?
What contents are found here?
Pharyngeal mucosal space
Mucosa, lymphoid space, constrictor muscles
What space is seen here?
Parotid space
What space is this?
What contents are within this space?
Masticator space
Mandible, muscles, CNV
What space is this?
What structure can be found here?
Retropharyngeal
Retropharyngeal node
What is this space?
What structures are within it?
What are some pathologies which can be found there?
Carotid sheath
Common carotid artery, external jugular vein, deep cervical nodes, CNX
Vestibular schwannoma, paraganglioma
