radiological technology Flashcards
What are other radiological technique
1) computed tomography
2) diagnositc sonography
3) fluoroscopy
4) magnetic resonance
5) position emission tomograph (PET)
6) ventilation-perfusion scan
What is fluoroscopy
X-ray motion pictures of the chest are taken
continuous X-ray image on a monitor
–> subjects patient to larg dose of X-ray than standard radiography
–> used only in selected cases for assessment of abnormal diaphragmatic movement
What is pulmonary angiography
What is it
- a test to see how blood flows through the lung.
- an imaging test that uses x-rays and a special dye to see inside the arteries
Indication
- identify pulmonary emboli or arteriovenous malformation
mechanism
- involves injection of a radiopaque contrast medium through a catheter
- this catheter has passed through the right side of the heart and into the pulmonary artery
what is bronchography
What is it?
- the radiographic visualization of the bronchi
Indication?
- to provide a clear outline of the trachea, carina, right & left bronchi and segmental bronchi
how?
- instillation of a radiopaque contrast material into the lumen of the tracheobronchial tree
- Chest radiograph is taken, providing a film called a bronchogram
What is computed tomography (CT scan)
use of computer-processed combinations of many X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (transverse) images of specific areas of a scanned object,
How does Lung look like as CT goes down the body
in general, as CT goes down, more lung and heart tissue can be seen
1) only lung and trachea can be seen
2) heart tissue gets larger gradually as CT moves down
3) left and main stem bronchi can be seen pass the trachea
4) at the diaphgram level, can’t see lung or heart tissues
What is Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
uses magnetic reonances as its sources of energy to take cross-sectional (transverse, sagittal, coronal) images of the body
How is MRI different than CT
- takes longer than CT
- takes 30 - 60 mins
- uses a strong magnet
What is the noise levels in MRI
- normal pain threshold is 120 dBs
- MRI reaches 95 dbs
- maximum noise level permitted in MRI is 140dbs
How to deal with noise level in MRI
earplugs reduces noise by 10 -14 dbs
*patient is required to ear hearing protection in the scanner
what is faradays law of induction
the induced electromotive force or EMF in any closed circuit is equal to the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit
A moving magnetic field induces a voltage in a coil of wire
**metallic objects have to be removed from the patient
How is accident prevent in MRI
person entering the scan room must be scanned
Questions related to surgeries, implants, metal, tatto, piercings must be asked
What is the difference between CT and MRI
1) MRi takes longer than CT
2) MRI doesnt use radiation
3) CT doesnt have safety issue as MRI, except the radiation
4) CT environment doesnt require restricted entry at all times, its only restricted when CT is used
What is diagnostic sonography
a branch of diagnostic medical imaging, is the use of imaging by medical ultrasound for medical diagnosis
DMS uses non-ionizing ultrasound to produce 2D and 3D images of the body.
What is Echocardiography?
it is an ultrasound of the heart.
Echocardiography uses standard two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and Doppler ultrasound to create images of the heart
