Radiologic Lung Anatomy Flashcards
identify the trachea
identify the aorta
identify the pulmonary artery
identify the hila
What causes the trachea to be slightly deviated to the right?
the aorta pushes it in that direction
deviation in the opposite diraction is usually a sign of an abnormality such as a right aortic arch or mediastinal mass
carina
structure that marks the termination of the trachea where it divides into the right and left mainstem bronchi
the right mainstem bronchus is shorter and more vertically oriented than the longer, more horizontal left mainstem bronchus
structures of the pulmonary hila
bronchi, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, and lymph nodes
Why is the left hilum normally slightly higher than the right hilum?
laterally, the left pumonary artery lies on top of the left mainstem bronchus
on the right, the pulmonary artery is anterior to the bronchus
radiologic findings of pulmonary hypertension
central pulmonary arties may dilate, which manifests as enlarged hila on the chest radiograph
radiologic findings of sarcoid
enlarged lymph nodes int he mediastinum and primary hila
right paratracheal region and hila are often enlarged on radiographs
silhouette sign
when two structures of the same density are next to each other, the boreders of that structure iwll not be visible
for instance, during infections the right middle lobe of the right lung can be infected and obscure the right heart border
anterior and posterior junction lines
where the lungs touch, representing four layers of pleura
hallmark of pneumothorax in a radiograph
tha ability to discretely visualize the visceral pleural line
in an upright patient, air collects at the apex of the hemithorax
in a supine patient, air usually collects int he anterior, inferior hemithorax
azygous fissure
a normal anatomic variant composed of 4 layers of pleura
caused by an arrest in migration of the azygous vein to the right tracheobronchial angle during development
secondary pulmonary lobule
smallest unit of the lung that has a connective tissue covering
