Radiographic Examination Flashcards
What are the six important radiographic features that should be studied during radiographic examination?
- Crestal Lamina Dura
- Furcation
- PDL space
- apex
- CEJ
- Radicular Lamina Dura
True or False: Radiographs are appropriate for diagnosing periodontal disease.
False: NOT DIAGNOSTIC
What are the CAL values for slight, moderate, and severe?
1-2 slight
3-4 moderate
>=5 severe
What could a widened PDL potentially indicate?
occlusal trauma
What is the formula for calculating the bone loss percentage?
%bone loss = (CEJ to crest-2mm) / (CEJ to apex-2mm)
CEJ is always the reference point: -->crest (top) -->apex(bottom) severe bone loss =>50% moderate bone loss 21-49%
Calculating the amount of bone loss can be skewed if the ________ is incorrect.
angulation of the vertical beam of the x-ray
The height of the alveolar crest should lie approximately ____ apical to the CEJs of adjacent teeth.
2 mm (…notice “adjacent” teeth)
The normal crest of alveolar bone follows the ______.
CEJ (remember, just because it is slanted doesn’t mean there is vertical bone loss)
True or False: The integrity of crestal lamina dura can be used as an indicator for periodontal treatment.
FALSE: using crestal lamina dura is NOT appropriate; it is not related to the presence or absence of inflammation, BOP, pocketing, or attachment loss
What are the two patterns of bone loss?
vertical(angular) and horizontal
Osseous defects are classified by the number of ______ ______.
Remaining Walls (3,2,1)
What is a “hemiseptal defect”?
a vertical defect in the presence of adjacent roots, thus half a septum remains on one tooth (bone loss is greater on one tooth than the other) = ONE WALLED defect
When pocket depths on the buccal and lingual line angles remain at height but the area under the contact is much deeper (bowl or crater), a _____-walled defect is present.
two
A shallow crater in the interalveolar bone would be indicative of _____; whereas, deep craters would indicate ______.
osseous surgery
GBR
True or False: Craters show up on periapical films.
True
An intrabony resorptive lesion involving one or more surfaces of supporting bone is referred to as a ______ defect.
moat-like
Radiolucency between two roots indicates pathologic resorption of bone within a ______.
furcation
PA radiographs are seen in 2-dimensions, what is the 3D method of detection that is currently in use?
CBCT
Furcation involvement appears differently on maxillary and mandibular molars. Mandibular appear as radiolucent _______.
arrows (pointing upward)
What endo device can be used to detect furcation involvement on xray film?
gutta-purcha points
What is “normal” PDL space?
PDL is the space between the tooth root and alveolar bone; the PDL appears as 0.4 to 1.5 mm ON RADIOGRAPHS, it is wider at the apex and alveolar crest and narrow in the mid-root areas
The presence of ________ and _______ would indicate possible occlusal trauma.
Thickened radicular lamina dura
widened PDL space
The trabecular pattern and gradient is describes as either ____ or _____.
loose (rarified) or dense
There is more trabecular patterning in the ______ and _____ portion of the mandible.
superior
anterior
A loose trabecular pattern is possibly indicative of _______ but not an indicator of periodontal disease.
sickle-cell anemia
How do vessels within interdental bone appear on a radiograph?
as radiolucent lines bordered by thin radiopaque lines
If the ________ is close to or has invaginated among the roots of the maxillary teeth, there may be difficulties with surgical treatment of periodontal problems (fistula)
Maxillary sinus
Mandibular tori are lingual exostostes that are commmonly located in the _______-_____ region.
premolar-molar
usually bilateral
How far forward can the mental foramen be found? How far posterior can it be found?
as far anterior as the DISTAL of the 1st PREMOLAR
as far posterior as the MESIAL of the 1st MOLAR
(a little different from what Dr.I said)
If roots are less than ______mm apart, periodontal bone loss will affect the entire interproximal .
2.5 mm
The crown to root ratio is a _____ measurement and does not take into account other morphological factors such as _____ and ______.
linear
root number
shape
What is the difference between internal and external root resorption?
Internal resorption: resorption beginning from within the pulp
external resorption: resorption beginning on the external surface
_______ _______ Radiography can give you as much as 5% bone change detection compared to 30% using other methods.
Digital Subtraction
When observing a PA film, how should implants appear?
you should be able to see the threads of the implant sharply. Blurring of the lines indicates an incorrect angulation
