Other Periodontal Diseases and Conditions Flashcards
What are the two Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases (NPD)?
NUG (Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis)
NUP (Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis)
NUG is confined to _____ and _______.
interdental papilla
marginal gingiva
NUG is characterized by ____ onset of pain, _______, and bleeding.
rapid
necrosis of interdental gingiva
NUG affects young adults and is associated with _____ and _____.
smoking
stress
What is “pseudo membrane?”
ulcerations associated with NUG that are covered by a yellowish-white or grayish slough
NUG has a _______ appearance due to necrotic interdental papilla.
Punched-Out
What is the chief complaint of NUG?
Pain
True or False: Swelling of regional lymph nodes may occur with Necrotizing Periodontitis.
True
Which lymph nodes are usually involved with NPD?
usually SUBMANDIBULAR
sometimes CERVICAL also
True or False: Fever and malaise are always associated with NPD.
False, not consistently found
True or False: Increased salivation accompanies NPD.
True
What is the prevalence of NPD in young adults of industrialized countries? What about young adults in developing countries? Immunocompromised individuals?
Industrialized: 2%-7%
Developing: much higher
HIV: 1%-28%
Which three species of bacteria are associated with necrotizing periodontal diseases?
SPIROCHETES (treponema)
Fusobacterium
P. intermedia
Which viruses are associated with NPD?
CMV (cytomegalovirus)
HIV
What are four host factors that increase progression of NPD?
- Immunosuppression
- Pre-existing gingivitis, poor hygiene
- Psychological stress, lack of sleep
- Smoking
In NPD, the connective tissue is ______ and the capillaries are ______.
hyperemic CT
engorged capillaries
True or False: Histologically NPD is seen as necrosis of epithelium and deep layer of CT.
False, superficial layers of CT
What are the four layers of NPD?
- Bacterial Zone
- Neutrophil rich Zone
- Necrotic Zone
- Spirocheteal Infiltration Zone
What are two differential diagnoses of NPD?
- Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
2. Oral mucosal Disease
Acute therapy for NPD involves debridement, oral rinses such as ________, and antibiotics such as ______.
chlorhexidine 0.12%
metronidazole
Is NUG contagious? Is PHG?
NUG= no PHG= yes (herpetic)
What is a periodontal abscess?
a localized collection of pus within the tissues of the periodontium
Periodontal abscesses are the third most common emergency condition and account for _____%
8%-14%
What are the three types of abscesses in the periodontium?
gingival
periodontal
pericoronal
True or False: Abscesses can be periodontis-related or non-periodontitis-related.
True
A _____ abscess is irritation from foreign bodies forcefully embedded into healthy tissues.
gingival
A ______ abscess is localized purulent inflammation in the periodontal tissues.
periodontal
What are three situations that would result in periodontitis-related abscesses?
- exacerbation of chronic lesions
- post-therapy abscess following SRP or surgery
- Post-antibiotic- super infection
Non-periodontitis-related abscesses can result from _____ or ______.
Foreign body impaction
root morphology alterations
What are two possible complications associated with periodontal abscess?
- Tooth loss
2. Systemic infections
Which bacterial species is associated with Peridontal Abscesses?
P.gingivalis
How are periodontal abscesses managed?
irrigation drainage debridement (if small) antibiotics (if large) OHI
What is a definitive treatment plan for periodontal abscesses?
full mouth ScRP
Prophylaxis
Differential diagnoses of periodontal abscesses include (4).
Vertical Root Fracture
Endo-perio Abscess
Osteomyelitis
Tumors
