Radical Islamism Flashcards
Submission. Surrendering to the will of God, what the religion requires.
Islam
Last in the series of prophets to bring the word of God to God’s people.
Mohammed
These 2 Christian figures are revered in Islam. About peace, no natural anti-Jewish or Christian sentiments.
Jesus and Mary
The Holy Book, recitations of Mohammed written in the early 7th century AD.
The Qur’an
Mohammed’s words and deeds that people are to emulate, lessons to learn from/be modeled.
Hadith
Islam was more tolerant of Jews and Christians in this era.
Medieval times
Islam was more open to scientific innovation and the preservation of ancient Greece than any other religion in this era.
Medieval times
What are the 5 pillars of Islam?
- profession of the faith
- ritual prayer
- giving charitable donations to the poor
- annual fasting during Ramadan
- pilgrimage to Mecca
Strain, effort, struggle against evil. The practice of Islam requires this.
Jihad
The greater jihad.
Against inner-selfishness
The lesser jihad, radical emphasis (greater for radicals)
Against enemies of Islam
Law of the land, acts and deeds of Mohammed and the recitation.
Shar’ia
This doesn’t require theocracy, but it does for radicals, an elite with narrow interpretation
Shar’ia
This country wanted to modernize in the 20th century. They began to separate religion and politics in extreme ways.
Egypt
External threat to Islam: religious inspired attempts to Christianize Muslim societies.
The Crusades
External threat to Islam: French and British invasion.
Imperialism
External threat to Islam: this state created in 1848. The plight for Palestinians is a major concern for radicals.
Israel
External threat to Islam: liberalism, socialism, capitalism, religious toleration, sexual equality, temptations.
Western ideas of modernity
External threat to Islam: military attack.
US covert and overt intervention
External threat to Islam: US support for these.
Corrupt regimes
External threat to Islam: Saudi rulers allowed the US to station troops here, the two most sacred sites to Islam, a matter of pride equivalent to invasion.
Occupation of the Muslim Holy Lands
Reaction to what was happening outside of the Muslim world from within.
Muslim Counter-Enlightenment
Traveled to the US and was disgusted by the materialism, sexism, superficiality, racism, alcohol consumption, and social/economic inequality.
Sayyid Qutb
He was convinced western society as a whole was the same - pagan, ignorant, depraved.
Sayyid Qutb
Qutb joined this group in 1951.
The Muslim Brotherhood
Al Bana: the way to resist influence of the faith: The fight against those pushing ideas.
Reassert faith and engage in jihad struggle
Qutb was arrested, imprisoned, and tortured by the imperial forces and executed in Egypt, becoming:
A martyr for the cause
It is necessary to follow God’s will/justice not:
Human will/justice
Radicals advocated getting rid of these and re-introducing this.
Internal liberal ideas, Islamic state
Age of ignorance/darkness.
Jahiliyya
Age of Mohammed before the word of God, people rejecting the true ideas of Islam.
Jahiliyya
All Muslim societies are subject to this: Why people don’t overthrow secular rulers.
False consciousness/interests
The jihad becomes an offensive holy war, this is needed to leads against influence on behalf of all Muslims.
A vanguard party
The radical Islam vanguard leads attacks against: these betray the true Muslim faith.
Corrupt Muslims
The radicals engages in these: they are called assassins, suicide bombers, etc. but are seen as these to radicals for following their religious duty.
Terrorist attacks, martyrs
Why do radicals think that killing is acceptable?
Westerners are not innocent
Through this, strict interpretation of the faith is followed.
Educating young boys
Many Muslims sympathize with the major problems, but not with extreme methods. Radicals do this through spectacular acts of violence/political acts.
Bear witness
Martyr.
Shahid
What is the explanation function of radical Islam?
Political because it is within a cosmic, mythic context of good and evil which explains everything in terms of threats. Human nature is weak and sinful. We are God’s creation, and have to engage in jihad internally/externally.
What is the evaluation function of radical Islam?
View of social justice, piety, harmony. Radicals add the extra element of threats to be resisted.
What is the orientation function of radical Islam?
Identity is religion. One should see themselves as part of umma, committed to the 5 pillars.
What is the paradigm of Mohammed?
He was forced out of Mecca, the Migration, it is recommended that Muslims withdraw from society and launch campaigns against rulers - there will be success. Flight and struggle.
What is the political program of radical Islam?
Jihad, faith based struggle, put in place Islamic state that resists western ideas.
Is there a clash of culture between Islam and the west?
The US has allies with Muslim civilizations, most Muslims support democracy instead of theocracy, and don’t mind Western culture but are against occupation.
What is the radical ideas of freedom?
From temptation
What are the obstacles to freedom?
Threats to Islam - liberalism, secularism, modernity, western economic and military power
What is the goal?
Establishing Islamic states that govern according to Islamic law, and the destruction of Israel
