Radiation Safety Flashcards
What are the effects of ionising radiation?
Carcinogenic - tumour development in exposed cells
Somatic - direct changes in body tissues occur not long after exposed
Genetic/Mutation - occur when gonads irradiated, mutations in chromosomes, give rise to abnormalities in offspring
List the three sources of radiation hazard.
The tube head
The primary beam
Secondary or scatter radiation
How can we reduce scatter radiation?
Tight collumation Reducing kV Using a lead cover on table Using PPE Rotating staff Using grids
What are the general requirements for using X-rays in practice?
Practice will need to appoint an internal Radiation Protection Supervisor (RPS)
External Radiation Protection Advisor (RPA) needs to be appointed
What information might a System of Work contain?
Details of RPA and RPS
Description of restricted areas
Details of working practices
In the event of an incident
What do we need to consider for a controlled area?
Anywhere where dose exceeds 7.5mSv/h
Specific room
Wall thickness (single brick usually adequate)
Large enough for 2 people 2m from primary beam
Warning signs (trefoil, lights)
Classified persons
Indication of exposure (light, voice, beep)
What three considerations should we have to protect personnel?
Time - taking radiographs, rotate staff
Distance - 2m from primary beam, leave room, never hold patient
Barriers - lead gloves/apron, thyroid protectors
What are the two types of dosimeters?
Film badges - blackening proportional to exposure
Thermoluminescent detectors - small crystal of lithium heparin, emits light, amount of light compared to standard known radiation dose
How should dosimeters be worn by personnel?
Each person has their own badge, must not be shared
Badges worn at work, not outside of work
Wear at waist level, under lead apron
Protect from water, excessive heat and physical damage
