Radiation History

Question 1

X-Ray Vs Radiograph

Answer 1

x-ray: beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadow on receptors

radiograph: the image produced on the receptor by exposure to ionizing radiation; 2d representation of a 3d object

Question 2

Who discovered x-rays and when?

Answer 2

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen; 1895
*1st nobel prize in physics; 1901

Question 3

Hittorf-Crookes Tube

Answer 3

primitive vacuum tube used to study fluorescence, made of glass, believed to be used in Roentgen experiment that discovered x-rays

Question 4

Otto Walkhoff

Answer 4

-german dentist
-1895 first dental radiograph
-took for BW on himself w/ 25 min exposure time

Question 5

WJ Morton

Answer 5

-1895 new york physician who x-rayed a skull
-1st whole body radiograph, urged usefulness of x-rays to dentistry

Question 6

C. Edmund Kells

Answer 6

-New Orleans dentist
-1896; 1st dental radiograph in US on living being
-invented paralleling technique
-*lost his fingers, hands, and life to radiation dangers

Question 7

William H. Rollins

Answer 7

-boston dentist
-developed 1st dental xray unit
-father of radiation protection

Question 8

Frank Van Woert

Answer 8

-NYC dentist
-1st to use Kodak film

Question 9

Howard Riley Raper

Answer 9

-Indiana University Professor
-taught 1st dental radiology course in a dental school
-developed BW exam

Question 10

Dental x-ray equipment: 1913

Answer 10

Coolidge (electrical engineer) developed high vacuum tube w/ tungsten filament which is the prototype for all modern x-ray unit

Question 11

Dental x-ray equipment: 1923

Answer 11

Victor X-Ray Corp in Chicago, smaller tube submerged in oil used in all modern x-ray units

Question 12

xray film: 1896-1913

Answer 12

dental xray packets w/ glass photo plates of film cut into small pieces and hand wrapped in black paper and rubber

Question 13

xray film: 1913

Answer 13

Kodak company manufactured 1st prewrapped intra oral films
*increased used of x-rays in dentistry

Question 14

xray film: 1920

Answer 14

first machine made periapical film packets

Question 15

radiograph techniques: 1896

Answer 15

paralleling technique; C. Edmund Kells

Question 16

radiograph techniques: 1904

Answer 16

bisecting angle technique; Weston price, cleveland dentist

Question 17

radiograph techniques: 1920

Answer 17

paralleling technique; Franklin McCormack

Question 18

radiograph technique: 1925

Answer 18

bisecting angle redefined, BW technique introduced; Howard Riley Raper Indiana University

Question 19

radiograph techniques: 1947

Answer 19

paralleling technique w/ long cone; F Gordon Fitzgerald “father of modern dental radiography”

Question 20

radiograph technique: 1950s

Answer 20

XCP film holder developed; William J Updegrave Temple University

Question 21

panoramic radiography: 1933

Answer 21

Japan; exposed with film placed lingual to teeth

Question 22

panoramic radiography: Yrjo Paatero

Answer 22

Father of panoramic radiography
-Finland based
-experiment w/ slit beam of radiography, intensifying screens, rotational techniques

Question 23

digital imaging: 1987

Answer 23

France; 1st intraoral sensor introduced

Question 24

digital imaging: 1989

Answer 24

article describing direct digital imaging was published in US Dental Literature

Question 25

digital imaging: 1999

Answer 25

CBCT introduced

Question 26

Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (OMFR)

Answer 26

1999; ADA recognized OMFR as its 9th speciality program
-2-3yr residency program after dental school