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Dental Hygiene: Radiology > Normal Anatomic Landmarks > Flashcards

Normal Anatomic Landmarks Flashcards

1
Q

Cortical bone

A

aka compact bone
cortical = outer layer
radiopaque

ex// inferior border of mandible

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2
Q

Cancellous bone

A

-soft sponge bone located between two layers of dense cortical bone
-lattice like arrangement (composed of bony trabuculae)
-radiopaque

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3
Q

Which type of bone appears more radiolucent, mand or max?

A

mand

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4
Q

Prominences of bone

A

radiopaque
-process
-ridge (linear)
-spine (sharp thorn like)
-tubercle (small bump or nodule of bone)
-tuberosity

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5
Q

Spaces and depression in the bone

A

radiolucent
-canal (tube like passage w blood, nerves)
-foramen (hole/opening in bone)
-fossa (broad shallow depression)
-sinus (hollow space or cavity)

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6
Q

Suture

A

radiolucent thin line
immovable joint representing union between adjoining bones of the skull

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7
Q

Septum

A

radiopaque
bony wall or partition separating two spaces or cavities
ex// nasal septum

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8
Q

Floor of nasal cavity

A

radiopaque
bony wall at base of cavity formed by dense cortical bone

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9
Q

Anterior nasal spine

A

radiopaque v shape
sharp projection of maxilla at anterior and inferior part of nasal cavity

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10
Q

Inferior nasal conchae

A

radiopaque
wafer thin curved plates extending from lateral walls of nasal cavity
conchae means shell shaped

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11
Q

Inverted “Y”

A

radiopaque
dense cortical bone at intersection of wall of mx sinus and wall of nasal cavity

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12
Q

Incisive foramen

A

radiolucent
aka nasopalatine foramen, small round opening between roots of mx centrals, posterior to the teeth

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13
Q

Superior foramina of incisive canal

A

2 round radiolucent above apices of mx centrals
tiny holes on floor of nasal cavity, nasopalatine nerves enter through here

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14
Q

Nasal cavity/ Nasal fossa

A

radiolucent
pear shaped compartment of bone located superior to maxilla

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15
Q

Median palatine suture

A

radiolucent
immovable joint between 2 halves of the maxilla, extending from alveolar bone between centrals to posterior hard palate

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16
Q

Lateral fossa / Canine fossa

A

radiolucent
smooth depressed area of maxilla between canine and laterals

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17
Q

Maxillary sinus cavities

A

radiolucent
paired compartments of bone located within maxilla above mx premolars and molars

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18
Q

Floor of maxillary sinus

A

radiopaque
composed of dense cortical bone

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19
Q

Septa of maxillary sinus

A

radiopaque lines
plural or septum
bony walls dividing maxillary sinus into compartments

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20
Q

Tuberosity

A

radiopaque bulge distal to last molar
rounded prominence of bone extending posterior to 3rd molar

21
Q

Hamulus / Hamular process

A

radiopaque hook like distal to tuberosity
hook like projection of bone extending from medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

22
Q

Zygoma

A

radiopaque band
cheekbone articulating with the zygomatic process, dense cortical bone

23
Q

Zygomatic Process of Maxilla

A

radiopaque J or U shape
bony projection of maxilla articulating with zygoma, dense cortical bone
*may infringe on apices of maxillary molars

24
Q

Nutrient canals

A

radiolucent band bounded by 2 radiopaque lines
tiny tubelike passages in bone containing blood vessels and nerves supplying maxillary teeth and interdental areas

25
Coronoid process of mandible
radiopaque triangle in mx tuberosity region bony prominence of anterior ramus, attachment site for one of the mastication muscles
26
Ramus
vertical portion of mandible posterior to 3rd molar area
27
Body of Mandible
horizontal shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
28
Alveolar process
portion of mandible that encases and supports the teeth
29
Genial tubercles
radiopaque ring tiny bumps of bone serving as attachment site for muscles, on lingual aspect of mandible
30
Mental ridge
radiopaque bands linear prominence of cortical bone on external surface of anterior portion of mandible premolar region to the midline, slopes slightly upward
31
Lingual foramen
radiolucent dot by apices of md incisors tiny hole in bone on internal surface of mandible, located near midline supported by genial tubercles
32
Nutrient canals (md)
radiolucent vertical lines tubelike passageway through bone containing nerves and blood vessels interdental nutrient canals more often seen in mn due to thin bone *more seen radiographically on edentulous mandible
33
Mental fossa
radiolucent area above mental ridge scooped out area on external surface of anterior mandible
34
Mylohyoid ridge
radiopaque band linear prominence of bone on internal surface of mandible, from molar region down and forward to lower border of mandibular symphysis attachment site for mylohyoid muscle
35
Internal oblique ridge
radiopaque band linear prominence of internal surface of mandible extending downward and forward from the ramus may end at 3rd molar region or continue as mylohyoid ridge
36
External oblique ridge
radiopaque band linear prominence of bone located on external surface of body of mandible anterior border of ramus extend into this ridge *may be superimposed on each other, external is the superior
37
Mental foramen
radiolucent ovoid area in apical region of md premolars *may be misdiagnosed at periapical abscess hole in bone on external surface of mandible, exit for blood vessels and nerves supplying lower lip
38
Mandibular canal
radiolucent band outlined by 2 thin radiipaque line (cortical walls of canal) tubelike passageway through bone traveling length of mandible, travels from mandibular foramen to the mental foramen and contains inferior alveolar nerve and blood vessels
39
Submandibular fossa
radiolucent area in molar region below mylohyoid ridge scooped out area on internal surface of mandible, submandibular salivary gland found here
40
Enamel
outermost radiopaque layer of crown
41
Dentin
radiopaque makes up most of tooth structure
42
Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)
like where very radiopaque enamel meets less radiopaque dentin
43
Pulp cavity
radiolucent consists of pulp chamber and pulp canals, contains blood vessels nerves and lymphatics
44
Lamina dura
radiopaque line wall of tooth socket surrounding root of tooth, dense cortical bone
45
Alveolar crest
radiopaque most coronal portion of alveolar bone found between the teeth, dense cortical bone, 1.5-2mm below CEJ
46
Periodontal Ligament Space
radiolucent line around root of tooth space between root of tooth and lamina dura, contains connective tissue fibers, blood vessel, and lymphatics *healthy PDL appears as continuous radiolucent line of uniform thickness
47
Anterior alveolar crest
appears pointed and sharp
48
Posterior alveolar crest
appears flat and smooth

Dental Hygiene: Radiology (17 decks)

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