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Dental Hygiene: Radiology > Normal Anatomic Landmarks > Flashcards

Normal Anatomic Landmarks Flashcards

1
Q

Cortical bone

A

aka compact bone
cortical = outer layer
radiopaque

ex// inferior border of mandible

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2
Q

Cancellous bone

A

-soft sponge bone located between two layers of dense cortical bone
-lattice like arrangement (composed of bony trabuculae)
-radiopaque

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3
Q

Which type of bone appears more radiolucent, mand or max?

A

mand

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4
Q

Prominences of bone

A

radiopaque
-process
-ridge (linear)
-spine (sharp thorn like)
-tubercle (small bump or nodule of bone)
-tuberosity

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5
Q

Spaces and depression in the bone

A

radiolucent
-canal (tube like passage w blood, nerves)
-foramen (hole/opening in bone)
-fossa (broad shallow depression)
-sinus (hollow space or cavity)

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6
Q

Suture

A

radiolucent thin line
immovable joint representing union between adjoining bones of the skull

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7
Q

Septum

A

radiopaque
bony wall or partition separating two spaces or cavities
ex// nasal septum

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8
Q

Floor of nasal cavity

A

radiopaque
bony wall at base of cavity formed by dense cortical bone

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9
Q

Anterior nasal spine

A

radiopaque v shape
sharp projection of maxilla at anterior and inferior part of nasal cavity

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10
Q

Inferior nasal conchae

A

radiopaque
wafer thin curved plates extending from lateral walls of nasal cavity
conchae means shell shaped

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11
Q

Inverted “Y”

A

radiopaque
dense cortical bone at intersection of wall of mx sinus and wall of nasal cavity

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12
Q

Incisive foramen

A

radiolucent
aka nasopalatine foramen, small round opening between roots of mx centrals, posterior to the teeth

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13
Q

Superior foramina of incisive canal

A

2 round radiolucent above apices of mx centrals
tiny holes on floor of nasal cavity, nasopalatine nerves enter through here

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14
Q

Nasal cavity/ Nasal fossa

A

radiolucent
pear shaped compartment of bone located superior to maxilla

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15
Q

Median palatine suture

A

radiolucent
immovable joint between 2 halves of the maxilla, extending from alveolar bone between centrals to posterior hard palate

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16
Q

Lateral fossa / Canine fossa

A

radiolucent
smooth depressed area of maxilla between canine and laterals

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17
Q

Maxillary sinus cavities

A

radiolucent
paired compartments of bone located within maxilla above mx premolars and molars

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18
Q

Floor of maxillary sinus

A

radiopaque
composed of dense cortical bone

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19
Q

Septa of maxillary sinus

A

radiopaque lines
plural or septum
bony walls dividing maxillary sinus into compartments

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20
Q

Tuberosity

A

radiopaque bulge distal to last molar
rounded prominence of bone extending posterior to 3rd molar

21
Q

Hamulus / Hamular process

A

radiopaque hook like distal to tuberosity
hook like projection of bone extending from medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

22
Q

Zygoma

A

radiopaque band
cheekbone articulating with the zygomatic process, dense cortical bone

23
Q

Zygomatic Process of Maxilla

A

radiopaque J or U shape
bony projection of maxilla articulating with zygoma, dense cortical bone
*may infringe on apices of maxillary molars

24
Q

Nutrient canals

A

radiolucent band bounded by 2 radiopaque lines
tiny tubelike passages in bone containing blood vessels and nerves supplying maxillary teeth and interdental areas

25
Q

Coronoid process of mandible

A

radiopaque triangle in mx tuberosity region
bony prominence of anterior ramus, attachment site for one of the mastication muscles

26
Q

Ramus

A

vertical portion of mandible posterior to 3rd molar area

27
Q

Body of Mandible

A

horizontal shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus

28
Q

Alveolar process

A

portion of mandible that encases and supports the teeth

29
Q

Genial tubercles

A

radiopaque ring
tiny bumps of bone serving as attachment site for muscles, on lingual aspect of mandible

30
Q

Mental ridge

A

radiopaque bands
linear prominence of cortical bone on external surface of anterior portion of mandible
premolar region to the midline, slopes slightly upward

31
Q

Lingual foramen

A

radiolucent dot by apices of md incisors
tiny hole in bone on internal surface of mandible, located near midline supported by genial tubercles

32
Q

Nutrient canals (md)

A

radiolucent vertical lines
tubelike passageway through bone containing nerves and blood vessels
interdental nutrient canals more often seen in mn due to thin bone
*more seen radiographically on edentulous mandible

33
Q

Mental fossa

A

radiolucent area above mental ridge
scooped out area on external surface of anterior mandible

34
Q

Mylohyoid ridge

A

radiopaque band
linear prominence of bone on internal surface of mandible, from molar region down and forward to lower border of mandibular symphysis
attachment site for mylohyoid muscle

35
Q

Internal oblique ridge

A

radiopaque band
linear prominence of internal surface of mandible extending downward and forward from the ramus
may end at 3rd molar region or continue as mylohyoid ridge

36
Q

External oblique ridge

A

radiopaque band
linear prominence of bone located on external surface of body of mandible
anterior border of ramus extend into this ridge
*may be superimposed on each other, external is the superior

37
Q

Mental foramen

A

radiolucent ovoid area in apical region of md premolars
*may be misdiagnosed at periapical abscess
hole in bone on external surface of mandible, exit for blood vessels and nerves supplying lower lip

38
Q

Mandibular canal

A

radiolucent band outlined by 2 thin radiipaque line (cortical walls of canal)
tubelike passageway through bone traveling length of mandible, travels from mandibular foramen to the mental foramen and contains inferior alveolar nerve and blood vessels

39
Q

Submandibular fossa

A

radiolucent area in molar region below mylohyoid ridge
scooped out area on internal surface of mandible, submandibular salivary gland found here

40
Q

Enamel

A

outermost radiopaque layer of crown

41
Q

Dentin

A

radiopaque
makes up most of tooth structure

42
Q

Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)

A

like where very radiopaque enamel meets less radiopaque dentin

43
Q

Pulp cavity

A

radiolucent
consists of pulp chamber and pulp canals, contains blood vessels nerves and lymphatics

44
Q

Lamina dura

A

radiopaque line
wall of tooth socket surrounding root of tooth, dense cortical bone

45
Q

Alveolar crest

A

radiopaque
most coronal portion of alveolar bone found between the teeth, dense cortical bone, 1.5-2mm below CEJ

46
Q

Periodontal Ligament Space

A

radiolucent line around root of tooth
space between root of tooth and lamina dura, contains connective tissue fibers, blood vessel, and lymphatics
*healthy PDL appears as continuous radiolucent line of uniform thickness

47
Q

Anterior alveolar crest

A

appears pointed and sharp

48
Q

Posterior alveolar crest

A

appears flat and smooth

Dental Hygiene: Radiology (17 decks)

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