Rachels recommendations Flashcards
Abrams, Jardin, say babies can first hear when and where?
18 weeks of pregnancy in the womb.
According to Bertoncini infants respond to speech and music in which hemispheres?
Speech in left, music in right.
Important neural maturation develops at what age?
What does neural maturation allow for?
3 - 9 months
Allows for greater motor control
At what age do children make their first recognisable speech sounds?
6 months
What age do children start to make their first repetitions of speech sounds, such as ‘da-da’?
8 months
What age do children start to make their first repetitions of speech sounds, such as ‘da-ba’?
11 months
Children start to make their first repetitions of speech sounds such as ‘da-ba’ at 11 months. Which stage is this in Oller’s model?
Variegated babbling
Children start to make their first repetitions of speech sounds such as ‘da-ba’ at 11 months. Which stage is this in Stark’s model?
Non-reduplicated babbling.
What age is the canonical babble according to Oller?
6 - 8 months
when is the reduplicated babbling stage according to Stark?
6 - 12 months
Barlow - Brown taught braille to sighted children in 4 conditions. Which conditions did the children learn more quickly? And in which conditions did children have the most direct transfer?
Learned more quickly in the visual conditions
Given standard size braille, most direct transfer from those in the touch conditions.
Why does Miller say Braille is harder to learn?
Great load on working memory
Addition strategies: C\_\_\_\_\_\_ a\_\_ F\_\_\_\_\_ r\_\_\_\_ S\_\_\_-c\_\_ s\_\_ C\_\_\_-f\_\_\_-f\_\_ a\_\_\_\_ M\_\_ R\_\_\_\_\_\_ G\_\_\_\_\_\_ D\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Counting all Finger recognition Short-cut sum Count-from-first addend Min Retrieval Guessing Decomposition
Which strategy is most often used by 5 yr olds for addition?
Counting all
Can counting all also be used for dividing, multiplying and subtracting?
Also be used for subtracting only
Riley found that 6 yr olds could solve a subtraction using counting all with what 2 conditions?
If the numbers were small
If they had blocks to represent the numbers
Counting all is difficult to use if the sum is greater than what?
10
Groen & Parkman (1972) children rapidly progress from ‘count on’ to ‘min’ which is a sign of an understanding of what?
Equivalence or commutativity
Using the longitudinal Microgenetic Method, such as Siegler & Jenkins collects qual and quant data, what does it aim to infer?
Underlying representations & processes involved
The multiple strategy usage - wave model - is associated with which strategy of counting?
‘Min’ stratergy
Subvocal counting is replaced by what?
Retrieval (memory)
Stevenson found that Asian children perform at higher level.
Why does Perry suggest this is?
In Asia teachers more likely to ask conceptual questions
Asian children spend longer receiving maths education
Comparisons between the names of number
Is the modus ponens inference is always valid?
Yes
If p then q, p is true, therefore q is true. E.g. if it rains, i will get wet. it is raining, therefore I will get wet.
Is which form of conditional reasoning?
Modus Ponens
How many forms of conditional reasoning are there?
4
What are the 4 forms of conditional reasoning?
Modus Pones,
Modus Tollens
Affirming the consequent
Denying the Antecedent
Is the modus tollens inference is always valid?
Yes
If p then Q. Not-Q is true, therefore not p is true.
E.g. If it rains, then I will get wet, I am not wet, Therefore, it did not rain.
Is which form of conditional reasoning?
Modus Tollens
Is the affirming the consequent inference always valid?
No
Which form of reasoning is like Modus Polens but not always true?
Affirming the consequent
Which 2 forms of conditional reasoning share the assumption that “If p then q, q is true, therefore p is true’?
Modus Pollens and Affirming the consequent
Which 2 forms of conditional reasoning suggest biconditional interpretations should be made?
Affirming the consequent & Defying the antecedent.
is the denying the antecedent always valid?
No
