Rabies Flashcards
a lyssavirus that infects a broad range of animals and causes serious neurologic disease when transmitted to humans
Rabies virus
Genome of rabies virus
single-stranded RNA virus, nonsegmented, negative-sense genome that consists of 11,932 nucleotides and encodes 5 proteins
Epidemiology of rabies
most human rabies is transmitted from dogs in countries with endemic canine rabies and dog-to-dog transmission, and human cases can be imported by travelers returning from these regions
Pathogenesis of rabies
Incubation period of rabies
20-90 days
microglial nodules in rabies
Babes nodules
most characteristic pathologic finding in rabies
Negri body
Clinical stages of rabies
Earliest specific neurologic symptoms of rabies
paresthesias, pain, or pruritus near the site of exposure
involuntary, painful contraction of the diaphragm and accessory respiratory, laryngeal, and pharyngeal muscles in response to swallowing liquids
Hydrophobia
involuntary contraction of the diaphragm and accessory respiratory, laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles caused by stimulation from a draft of air
Aerophobia
Approach to diagnosis
considered on the basis of clinical presentation
Differential diagnosis in rabies
anti-NMDA encephalitis
Post infectious encephalomyelitis
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Post-exposure prophylaxis
includes local wound care and both active and passive immunization
Vaccine schedule
