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Rabbits- ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the genus species name for rabbits?

A

Oryctolagus Cuniculus

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2
Q

Whats the order name?

A

Lagamorpha

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3
Q

Whats the family name?

A

Leporidae

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4
Q

What is the wild rabbit known as?

A

Hares- lepus and cotton tails (cannot interbreed)

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5
Q

What is the rabbit derived from?

A

the wild European rabbit

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6
Q

What 3 things categorize breeds?

A

size;
anatomy;
color

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7
Q

Whats the most commonly used rabbit in research?

A

New Zealand White (NZW)

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8
Q

4 uses of rabbits:

A
  1. pets;
  2. hobby breeding;
  3. research;
  4. meat
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9
Q

Why are rabbits used substantially in research?

A

size;
ease of handling;
blood collection;
drug testing/genetics/immunology

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10
Q

What are the ears primarily used for?

A

thermoregulation

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11
Q

Lifespan:

A

(5-6 years) up to 15 years

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12
Q

Gestation:

A

29-35 days

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13
Q

Litter size:

A

4-10 kits

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14
Q

TPR:

A

(101.3-104 F) (130-325) (30-60)

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15
Q

Behavior:

A

docile, alert, social;

sexually mature rabbits are MORE aggressive

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16
Q

How many pairs do they have of incisors?

A

2 pairs

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17
Q

What type of urine do rabbits have?

A

thick, cloudy urine (8.2 pH, crystals, porphyrin)

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18
Q

Two types of feces:

A
  1. day time feces=round, firm, green

2. night time feces= cecotrophes, covered in mucus

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19
Q

Finding cecotropes in a rabbits cage may be a sign of what?

A

poor health

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20
Q

Do rabbits have foot pads?

A

No

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21
Q

Do rabbits have retractable claws?

A

No

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22
Q

What are PEG teeth?

A

they are teeth that are situated directly behind the maxillary incisors

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23
Q

Rabbits incisors grow approximately how long per year?

A

10cm per year

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24
Q

How many pairs of upper incisors do rabbits have?

A

2

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25
What WBC is more common in rabbits than other species?
basophils
26
Why cant rabbits vomit?
because they have a very weak esophageal muscle
27
Is a rabbits cecum large or small?
LARGE (10x the size of the stomach)
28
What is the dominant WBC in rabbits?
lymphocytes
29
Are rabbits induced ovulators?
yes
30
How long is the period of receptivity?
7-10 days
31
How many times a day do kits nurse?
once a day
32
Weaning age?
4-6 weeks
33
Kits are born hairless and blind, what breed of rabbit are the kits born precocious?
Hares
34
Females can re-breed after how long from giving birth?
24 hours after giving birth
35
The birthing process for rabbits is called?
Kindling
36
This is not required because most of their passive immunity is acquired before birth through the placenta
colostrum
37
Females AKA: | Males AKA:
Does; | Bucks
38
What is condition is rare pertaining to the birthing process?
dystocia
39
Whats unique about a rabbits uterus?
double cervix
40
Rabbits should consume what percent of body weight in food and in water?
5% in food; | 10% in water
41
What % of fiber should rabbit food contain:
18% or higher
42
What % of fat should be in rabbit food:
2.5% or lower
43
What % of protein should be in rabbit food:
16% or less
44
What % of calcium should be in rabbit food:
1% or less
45
What food should you avoid?
food that's high in starch/sugar
46
Results from 24hr confinement:
``` obesity; pododermatitis; poor bone density; poor muscle tone; poor GI function; aggression; over-grooming; boredom ```
47
Temp for rabbit environment:
60-70 F
48
Humidity:
30-70%
49
Air exchanges:
10-15/hr
50
Light:Dark ratio:
12:14 hrs of light per day
51
The most common place on rabbits back for fractures is?
L7- S1
52
SQ amt:
20 ml/kg (flank or scruff)
53
IM amt:
0.5 mls/site (lumbar, quads, semimembranous, semitendinous)
54
What injection is NOT recommended on rabbits?
IP
55
ID amt:
0.1 ml or less
56
Where do you give IV injections on rabbits?
marginal ear vein, saphenous, cephalic
57
Bolus amt:
2 mls/kg
58
Infusion amt:
20 mls/kg
59
What route do you use for bigger gauges?
auricular artery; put lidocaine cream on ear to numb
60
What 4 ways can you give oral meds to rabbits?
1. Incorporation of meds into food/water; 2. Oral dosing syringe; 3. Adding sugar to meds; 4. Nasogastric intubation
61
How long should rabbits be fasted for anesthesia?
2-6 hours
62
What drug has NO effect on rabbits?
Atropine
63
What does atropine have no effect on rabbits?
rabbits have an enzyme (Esterase) that hydrolyzes atropine
64
What drug do you give in substitution of atropine?
Glycopyrrolate
65
What drug is mostly used for short procedures?
propofol
66
What drug is not used unless given intranasal due to nephrotoxicity?
Telazol
67
What are common anesthetics used?
acepromazine, valium, ketamine, xylazine, pentobarbital
68
Fentanyl or acepromazine is often given what route for light sedation?
SQ or IM
69
Whats the most common drug combo?
Ketamine/Xylazine
70
What can you also add to the combo of ketamine/xylazine?
butorphanol
71
3 inhalants used on rabbits:
isoflurane; sevoflurane; methoxyflurane
72
When assessing depth what are the best indicators for rabbits?
RR and jaw tone
73
What drug should you use for a major painful surgery?
buprenorphine
74
What steps should be taken while clipping rabbits fur?
use #40 blade; pull skin tight; make sure the clipper blade is parallel
75
Males have open inguinal canals that must be sutured closed to prevent what?
herniation of the abdominal contents
76
What are some pain meds used?
butorphanol, buprenorphine, metacam, rimadyl
77
2 ways to euthanize rabbits:
1. OD of barbiturate or euthanasia solution IV | 2. Inhalants or CO2 can be used but are less favorable methods(last resort)

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