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Tech 4 > Intro to Lab Medicine > Flashcards

Intro to Lab Medicine Flashcards

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1
Q

Field of science devoted to the production, care and study of lab animals used in biomedical research and education

A

Lab Animal Science

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2
Q

Contains many scientific and educational disciplines such as:

A

anatomy, animal science, comparative biology, engineering, environmental science, ethics, genetics, microbiology, pharmacology, physiology and toxicology

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3
Q

6 applications of lab animals in biomedical research

A
  1. education and training
  2. Pharmaceutical/chemical industry
  3. Life science
  4. Animal sciences
  5. Agricultural sciences
  6. Behavioral research
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4
Q

Germ theory

A

microorganisms cause dz

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5
Q

384-322 BC ________ was the first man to perform experiments on living animals

A

Aristotle

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6
Q

In 1880’s ______ __________ convincingly demonstrated the germ theory of medicine by introducing anthrax in sheep

A

Louis Pasteur

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7
Q

In 1890’s _______ _______ used dogs to describe classical conditioning

A

Ivan Pavlov

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8
Q

In 1955 _____ ___ developed the polio vaccine using rhesus macaques

A

Jonas Salk

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9
Q

In 1996 _____ ___ ______ was born, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell

A

Dolly the sheep

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10
Q

Animals used for laboratory medicine:

A 
mice (90% -
rats 95%)
rabbits
fish (zebra fish)
frogs
sheep (cardio-
goats vascular)
ferrets 
guinea pigs (nutritional research)
gerbils 
non-human primates 
newts 
shrews (can V)
dogs 
cats
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11
Q

Animals come from…..

A

specialized animal breeding companies and very strict health regulations and mandatory quarantine

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12
Q

7 Regulatory Organizations:

A 
The Guide for the Care and use of Lab Animals
IACUC
USDA
AAALAC
Animal Welfare Act
AVMA 
AALA
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13
Q

A book published by the Institute of Laboratory Animals Resources

A

The Guide for the Care and use of Lab Animals

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14
Q

IACUC

A

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee

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15
Q

An IACUC must include 4 people:

A

veterinarian
outside member (non-biased)
one practicing scientist
member with no scientific background

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16
Q

IACUC has ___________inspections _____ a year

A

announced; twice

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17
Q

Protocols are good for __ years

A

3

18
Q

USDA

A

United States Department of Agriculture

19
Q

USDA has ________ inspections _______ a year

A

unannounced; once

20
Q

USDA looks at 3 things:

A

record keeping
identification of animals
procedures completed

21
Q

AAALAC

A

Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Lab Animals Care

22
Q

A private, non profit organization that promotes the humane treatment of animals in science through voluntary accreditation and assessment programs

A

AAALAC

23
Q

AAALAC inspects facilities every __years

A

3

*VOLUNTARY

24
Q

Mandated by the USDA
First created in 1966
Not ALL animals are covered under this

A

Animal Welfare Act

25
Q

What are some animals that are NOT covered by the Animal Welfare Act

A

lab mice/rats, food production animals, fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates

26
Q

AVMA

A

American Veterinarian Medical Association

27
Q

Regulates continuing education credits

Certify vet techs

A

AVMA

28
Q

Need 16 CE every ___ years

A

2

29
Q

AALAS

A

American Association for Lab Animal Science

*Certify vet techs of laboratory medicine

30
Q

ALAT:
LAT:
LATG:

A

assistant lab animal tech
lab animal tech
lab animal technologist

31
Q

The 3 R’s

A

Replacement
Reduction
Refinement

32
Q

non animal alternative; use less advanced animals

A

Replacement

33
Q

ways to reduce amount of animals needed in a study

A

Reduction

34
Q

methods incorporate modification of procedure to lessen animal pain/distress/ and enhance animal well-being

A

Refinement

35
Q

The 3 R’s were created by 2 British scientists:

A

Russel and Burch

36
Q

Not known to consistently cause dx in incompetent adult humans; standard microbiological practices Ex. E. Coli

A

BSL 1

37
Q

Associated with human dz, hazard: percutaneous injury, MM exposure, ingestion; limited access; eyewash readily available Ex. HIV or bites

A

BSL 2

38
Q

Indigenous or exotic agents with potential for aerosol transmission, dz may have serious or lethal consequences; controlled access; PPE; physical separation from access corridors Ex. Tuberculosis

A

BSL 3

39
Q

Dangerous/exotic agents with pose high risk of life threatening dz; clothing change, shower on exit; separated building or isolated zone. Ex. Herpes Simiae

A

BSL 4

40
Q

3 Important factors of the Vet Techs in lab medicine:

A
  1. be a voice for the animals
  2. make sure research and animal care staff are properly doing procedures and caring for the animals
  3. Be available for research staff when a procedure needs done or offer advice to make the procedure better

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