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AHW - exotics > rabbits and guinea pigs > Flashcards

rabbits and guinea pigs Flashcards

1.5.4.14 (9/5)

1
Q

roles of rabbits in society (4 - expand)

A

ecosystem:
source of food for predators
eat weeds and allow other plants to thrive

research:
produce serum antibodies
‘test animals’ for products e.g. safety testing

food:
for meat eating pets e.g. snakes
UK = wild shot and killed NOT farmed

pets

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2
Q

rabbit enclosure - RCPSCA MINIMUM requirements

A

[FOR PAIR (social animals)]

  • somewhere enclosed to hide/sleep
  • somewhere to exercise
    (RWAF rec 3m x 2m x 1m)

can perform these behaviours in BOTH sections:
- stand on hind legs without ears touching roof
- lie fully outstretched ANY direction
- 3 consecutive hops

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3
Q

guinea pig enclosure - RCPSCA MINIMUM requirements

A

[FOR PAIR]
2m x 0.5m x 25CM (ideally larger)

(do not dig like rabbits, but)
- tunnels to run through/hide

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4
Q

enclosures (both): 5 points

A
  • draught/damp/escape/predator-proof
  • shade
  • good ventilation (free flow of air)
  • chew resistant material
  • waterproofing treatments must be nontoxic
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5
Q

enclosures (both): substrates and flooring

A
  • toilet area - e.g. newspaper/DUST FREE AND NON CEDAR (irritate resp tract) wood shavings
  • bedding - insulate e.g. dust free hay, shredded paper
  • no wire mesh flooring (CAN be buried??)
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6
Q

rabbits and guinea pigs:
how often should enclosure be cleaned?

A
  • toilet area - every day
  • whole - once week approx
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7
Q

rabbits and guinea pigs:
water requirements

A
  • BOTH bottle AND bowl
    (choice, one may break)
  • check ball bearing flowing smoothly
  • change daily
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8
Q

rabbits and guinea pigs: how you should keep them (numbers + species)

A

rabbits - pairs
GPs - pairs OR MORE

*never keep rabbit and GP together - even in same airspace??**

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9
Q

examples of enrichment (particularly rabbits as inquisitive, social etc)

A
  • toys
  • food puzzles
  • foraging (may decide to remove food bowl entirely and feed only via forage = encourage nat beh.)
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10
Q

diet - BOTH rabbit and guinea pigs are…

so they need… (2)

A

herbivores - plants

hind gut fermenters with constantly growing teeth - (constant chewing - low carbs? -)high fibre

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11
Q

diet - rabbits AND guinea pigs
(point to note - certain element…?)

A

do not feed excess Ca - metabolise differently, can cause urinary tract issues (stones?)

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12
Q

diet - guinea pigs
(point to note)

A

VITAMIN C IN DIET - cannot synthesise own so reliant on diet
so
veg high in VitC e.g. peppers
may need supplementation when pregnant as greater requirement

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13
Q

diet - rabbits and GPs

AVOID…

A

muesli based diet - allows for selective feeding (will not eat certain parts = not getting certain nutrients), high in sugar/carbs

ALFALFA HAY (/veg high in Ca) - lots of Ca

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14
Q

rabbit diet - percentages of components

A

85% hay/grass/forage

10% leafy green veg (avoid kale/spinach = high in Ca/oxalates??????)

5% pellets (NOT MUESLI)

treats occasionally

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15
Q

rabbit diet - make up of components in real terms

A
  • hay as desired
  • small handful veg
  • tBsp/egg cup pellets
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16
Q

guinea pig diet - percentages of components

A

85% hay/grass/forage

12% leafy green veg (avoid kale/spinach = high in Ca/oxalates??????)

3% pellets (NOT MUESLI)

treats occasionally

same as rabbits but slightly more veg and less pellets

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17
Q

vitamin C - points to note

A
  • degrades rapid in sunlight and heat
  • keep GP food bags (e.g. pellets) closed and stored away from light
  • follow instructions about use by dates
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18
Q

behaviour and soc structure - BOTH GPs and rabbits (4)

A
  • prey species
  • crepuscular
  • live in social groups
  • bruxism = pain
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19
Q

define crepuscular

A

most active at dawn and dusk

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20
Q

RABBIT behaviour and soc structure (3)

A
  • burrowers (underground>high up)
  • thumping with hind leg = alarm call
  • fear = immobility (flight)
21
Q

define bruxism

A

teeth grinding

22
Q

GP behaviour and soc structure (4)

A
  • hide in abandoned burrows/under structures (not burrowers)
  • scared = voice to raise alarm - high pitched squeal
  • content = purr to each other
  • excited = ‘whistle’
23
Q

rabbit handling
- key points to support
- name of a good method to use
- position you should NEVER use

A
  • hindlimbs (so cannot kick out), back/spine
  • ‘bunny burrito’
24
Q

rabbit handling - position you should NEVER use

A

on back = tonic immobility (essentially play dead out of fear)

25
Q

sexing rabbits

A

buck (M)
- WIDE anogenital distance
- CIRCULAR penis, rounded shape

doe (F)
- SHORT anogenital distance
- OVAL (pointed) vagina, groove

26
Q

sexing guinea pigs

A

FEMALE: Y shape

MALE: I shape

(m = longer anogen dist??)

27
Q

welfare concerns: 3 issues from poor breeding of rabbits
(and what they arise from)

A

dental disease - due to dental malocclusions (top and bottom teeth not aligned when mouth closes)

chronic ear infections - narrow ear canals

over-heating - brachycephalic

28
Q

name the rabbit breed most commonly affected by issues caused by poor breeding

A

lop

29
Q

RABBIT physiological parameters - TEMP

A

RABBIT 38.5-40 DEGC

30
Q

RABBIT physiological parameters - HR

A

130-325bpm (INSANE RANGE)

31
Q

RABBIT physiological parameters - gestation period

A

29-35 days

(not really for exam explicitly but just remember short = are born quite underdeveloped)

32
Q

RABBIT physiological parameters - resp rate

point to note here

A

30-60 (considerably low considering HR)

use chest movement - CANNOT RELY ON NOSE TWITCH

33
Q

GP physiological parameters - temp

A

37.5-39.5 DEGC

34
Q

GP physiological parameters - HR

A

230-380bpm (fast)

35
Q

GP physiological parameters - gestation

A

59-72 days

(longer than rabbits - GP born basically mini GPs - DO NOT WRITE IN AN EXAM)

36
Q

GP physiological parameters - resp rate

A

40-120bpm

(large range??)

37
Q

name 2 welfare issues/topics that can lead to variety of diseases:

A
  • incorrect diet
  • small enclosures
38
Q

welfare issues that can cause disease -
INCORRECT DIET

name 4 diseases/issues and what aspects of incorrect diet cause them

A

dental disease -> gut stasis (NOT a disease but a clinical sign - caused by something)

obesity -> arthritis/spondylosis (spine issues) -> bladder disease

excessive Ca -> bladder disease

(GUINEA PIGS ONLY)
hypovitaminosis C -> swollen joints (pain)

39
Q

welfare issues that can cause disease -
SMALL ENCLOSURE

name 4 diseases/issues and what aspects of incorrect diet cause them

A

lack of movement -> arthritis -> bladder disease

poor vent. -> resp infections

poor hygiene -> pododermatitis AND myiasis (fly strike)

40
Q

what is common name for myiasis?

A

fly strike

41
Q

what is technical name for bumblefoot?

A

pododermatitis

42
Q

list some welfare linked diseases/issues

A
  • DENTAL DISEASE
  • GUT STASIS (NOT a disease but a clinical sign - caused by something)
  • ARTHRITIS/SPONDYLOSIS (in spine)
  • BLADDER DISEASE
  • PODODERMATITIS (bumblefoot)
  • RESPIRATORY DISEASE
  • MYIASIS (fly strike)
43
Q

what can cause dental disease?

A

dental malocclusions
or
if rabbits temporarily stop eating

= teeth overgrow

44
Q

OUTLINE - gut stasis

A

slowing/stopping of material through dig tract
(can be fatal in hind gut fermenters - rabbits and GPS)

caused by:
pain/stress/GI issues/incorrect diet

45
Q

DEFINE - arthritis/spondylosis

A

arth: inflamm of joints

spondylosis = type of arth that affects spine

46
Q

arthritis/spondylosis - CAUSED/WORSENED BY?

A

arth - obesity and lack of movement

spondylosis - lack of movmement and inability to stretch

47
Q

explain the link between Ca in diet, arthritis and bladder disease

A
  • increased Ca in diet = Ca build up /ppt in urine
  • arth = less movement = Ca ppts settle
  • inability of proper stance when urinating = do not fully void bladder = ppts build further
  • bladder stones = block bladder entirely
48
Q

4 factors that me exacerbate signs of resp disease

A

poor biosecurity

poor ventilation

dusty env

weakened immune systems (e.g. malnutrition)

AHW - exotics (10 decks)

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