rabbit diseases Flashcards
what is the most common and trublesome domestic rabbit disease
pasteurellosis
causative agent of pasteurellosis
pasteurella multocida
does pateurellosis always show C.S.
no
what is the upper respiratory form of pasteurellosis
rhinitis AKA “snuffles”; most common
CS of rhinitis
S+, mucopurulent nasal discharge
what is seen in conjunction with snuffles
conjunctivitis
what is otitis
common middle ear manifestation with snuffles
what are the genital infections of rabbits
pyometra in does, orchitis in the buck
pasteurellosis treatment
ABX., baytril(safest)
what can abx. use in rabbits cause
fatal diarrhea
where is bordetella bronchiseptica present
respiratory tract of diseased and normal rabbits
what can bordetella bronchiseptica facilitate
P. multocida infections of the lower respiratory tract
when is bordetella regarded as a potential pathogen
young rabbits 4-12 weeks old
what is the second most common disease
enteric diseases
T or F: enteric diseases are well understood
false. least understood
what is the best initial treatment of enteric diseases
symptomatic
what is normal in small amounts but thought to be a secondary agent
E. coli
E. coli treatment
symptomatic, fluids, abx.
what causes enterotoxemia
clostridia perfringens or clostridia difficile
when is clostridia spiroforme most common
4-8 week old rabbits
enterotoxemia causes
changes in feeding, weaning, abx therapy, concurrent infections
enterotoxemia diagnosis
gram staining, anaerobic cultures, ELISA tests
enterotoxemia treatment
supportive therapy
what antibiotics are thought to play a role in enterotoxemia
erythroMYCIN, clindaMYCIN, lincoMYCIN, streptoMYCIN, penicillin
what enterotoxemia drug has a bitter taste
metronidazole
what causes tyzzer’s disease
C. piliforme
when are rabbits most commonly affected with tyzzers
7-12 weeks
what is the tyzzers morbidity and mortality rate
high
what causes tyzzers
poor housing, stress, over crowding, poor ventillation, improper nutrition
tyzzers diagnosis
histology (liver, heart, cecum)
tyzzers treatment
oxytetracycline
how common is salmonellosis
relatively uncommon
CS of salmonellosis
D+, abortion, septicemia, rapid death
salmonellosis treatment
not recommended
what are the 3 forms of staphylococcus aureus
septicemia, dermatitis, abscesses
what can staph. cause in does
mastitis
when does mastitis occur
in lactating does or pseudopregnancies
what is mastitis AKA
blue breast
what can also cause mastitis
pasteurellosis and streptococcus
what causes tularemia
francisella tularensis (bacteria infection)
what is found on a necropsy of tularemia
lesions of the spleen and liver
tularemia vector
arthropod (tick most often)
how is tularemia transmitted
direct contact; potentially fatal zoonotic disease
venereal spirochetosis AKA
rabbit syphilis, vent disease, treponematosis
what causes rabbit syphilis
treponema cuniculi
where are the lesions located
external genitalia, perineal region, and face
treponematosis treatment
penicillin injections
what causes myxomatosis
poxvirus
what is myxomatosis natural host
cottontail (sylvilagus)
what is myxomatosis fatality rate
high
how is myxomatosis transmitted
mosquitoes or direct contact
myxomatosis CS
SQ masses(gelatinous), conjunctivitis, SQ edema
what causes fibromatosis
pox virus
how is fibromatosis spread
arthropod vectors
fibromatosis CS
firm SQ masses on feet and legs
prevention for Fibromatosis
none
papillomatosis cause
papovavirus
is papillomatosis cutaneous or oral
cn be either
how is papillomatosis spread
arthropod vectors
name the 3 viral infections
myxomatosis, fibromatosis, papillomatosis
what is psoroptes cuniculi
rabbit ear mite; nonburrowing
ear mite treatment
ivermectin or topical mitocides
what is cheyletiella parasitovorax
dandruff mite
what causes thinning of fur and scaly lesions
cheyletiella parasitovorax
is dandruff mite zoonotic
yes
passalurus ambiguus
pinworm
cittotaenia ctenoides
tapeworms
encephalitozoonosis
caused by protozoan
what can cause lesions in the brain and kidney
encephalitozoon cuniculi
2 forms of coccidiosis
intestinal(more common) and hepatic
what is eimeria
intestinal coccidiosis
eimeria CS
few if any, poor wt. gain, loose stool
what has a high morbidity in young rabbits
eimeria
hepatic coccidiosis AKA
eimeria stiedae
what is the most common neoplasia in does over 5 years
uterine adenocarcinoma
uterine adenocarcinoma CS
bloody vulvar discharge
what is the most common neoplasia in juvenile and young adults
lymphosarcoma
what is buphthalmia
form of glaucoma
what is one of the common inherited diseases
buphthalmia
treatment for buphthalmia
none necessary, enucleation optional
most common fracture site
L7
what is a trichobezoar
gastric hairball
hairball treatment
surgery, rehydrtion, 10-15ml mineral oil, metoclopramide, 10 ml fresh pineapple juce
hairball CS
stop eating and stop feces production
what do pineapples contain
papain; digests hair
what causes heatstroke
85’F+, 70+% humidity, poor ventilation, crowding
heatstroke treatment
dexamethasone, fluids, alcohol on ears; NEVER enema
when does pregnancy toxemia occur
days prior to kindling
metabolic pregnancy toxemia
fasting
toxic pregnancy toxemia
circulatory
what can changes in feeding or environment cause
metabolic ketosis
metabolic ketosis prognosis
comatose and death within 5-6 days after onset
what is mandibular prognathism
short upper jaw
two examples of moist dermatitis
sore dewlap and hutch burn
cause of moist dermatitis
constant wetting of fur
moist dermatitis treatment
address underlying cause, topical drying agents
podidermatitis
sore hocks
who is predisposed to pododermatitis
nervous and obese rabbits
pododermatitis treatment
topical ABX-gentamycin or neosporin
urolithiasis treatment
cystotomy followed by diuresis
