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animal tech > birds > Flashcards

birds Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 orders are commonly kept as

Pets

A

Psittaciformes, passeriformes

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2
Q

Psittaciforms

A

Parrots

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3
Q

Passeriformes

A

Canaries and finches

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4
Q

What is the only generic bird

A

There is none

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5
Q

Anseriformes

A

Waterfowl

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6
Q

Ciconiformes

A

Water bird (long pointy beak)

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7
Q

Falconiformes

A

Raptors

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8
Q

Galliformes

A

Fowl

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9
Q

How many orders are there

A

27

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10
Q

What order makes up 60% of all birds

A

Passerines

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11
Q

How many air sacs do passerines have

A

7

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12
Q

How many air sacs do most birds have

A

9

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13
Q

Where are psittacines primarily found

A

Tropical regions

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14
Q

Lorliidae

A

Lories and lorikeets

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15
Q

Cacatuidae

A

Cockatoos

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16
Q

Psittacidae

A

Parakeets and parrots

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17
Q

define anisodactyl

A

3 toes forward and 1 back

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18
Q

what order is anisodactyl

A

passerines

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19
Q

what is behavior influenced by

A

species, individual bird, and environment

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20
Q

what is the difference between lories and lorikeets

A

lories have a short tail and lorikeets have a long tail

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21
Q

what bird has a brush-tipped tongue to eat nectar

A

lories and lorikeets

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22
Q

what bird can sleep on its back

A

rainbow lories

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23
Q

what bird is prone to PBFD (beak and feather disease

A

cockatoos

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24
Q

when do cockatoos display their crest

A

when happy, mating, or nervous

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25
Q

what are budgerigar aka

A

budgies and parakeets

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26
Q

what color cere does a male budgerigar have

A

blue/purple

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27
Q

name a sexually dimorphic bird

A

eclectus

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28
Q

what is the 2nd most popular bird

A

cockatiel

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29
Q

what bird is predisposed to diseases like feather plucking

A

African grey

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30
Q

what bird does manogomus pairing

A

lovebirds

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31
Q

what bird is prone to destructive behavior

A

macaw

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32
Q

who are “the clowns of the bird world”

A

conure

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33
Q

what bird has a common hormonal aggression phase from 5-12 years

A

amazon

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34
Q

define oviparous

A

egg layers

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35
Q

what are feathers made of

A

keratin

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36
Q

what are contour feathers

A

cover the body and include flight feathers of wings and tail

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37
Q

what are remiges

A

flight feathers of the wing

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38
Q

what are retrices

A

feathers of the tail

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39
Q

what are auriculars

A

cover the ears (protect and amplify sound)

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40
Q

what are semiplume feathers

A

under contour; insulation, flexability, boyancy

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41
Q

what are down feathers

A

next to skin; warmth and insulation

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42
Q

what are filoplume feathers

A

nape and upper back; contain nerve ending in follicle

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43
Q

what are bristle feathers

A

around eyes, nostrils, mouth, and toes in some birds

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44
Q

what are powder down feathers

A

breast, belly, and back; grow continuously

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45
Q

where do the primaires originate from

A

carpus and metacarpus

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46
Q

where do the secondaries originate from

A

radius and ulna

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47
Q

where do the tail retrices originate from

A

pygostyle

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48
Q

what are pterylae

A

feathered tracts

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49
Q

what are apterylae

A

featherless tracts

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50
Q

what are coverts

A

smaller contour feathers at the bases of flight feathers

51
Q

what are rachis

A

main shaft of feather

52
Q

what are barbs

A

attached to rachis

53
Q

what are barbules

A

attached to barbs

54
Q

what are patagium

A

wing web

55
Q

what are hooklets

A

attached to barbules

56
Q

what is the uropygial gland

A

preen/oil gland at base of tail

57
Q

what bird is the uropygial gland more prominent in

A

waterfowl

58
Q

what is the keel

A

along the sternum, provides attachment of the pectoral muscles

59
Q

what is notarium

A

fusion of the first thoracic vertebrae

60
Q

what is synsacrum

A

fusion of the caudal thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and caudal vertebrae

61
Q

what is pygostyle

A

distal fusion of caudal vertebrae

62
Q

what are pneumatic bones

A

proximal bones that are air-filled which connect to the respiratory tract

63
Q

where should an IO catheter be used

A

in the ulna or proximal tibia

64
Q

what bone has a larger diameter: radius or ulna

A

ulna

65
Q

what assists with flexibility and aerodynamics of flight

A

patagium

66
Q

what type of bird has a shorter humorus

A

flapping birds

67
Q

do birds have a diaphragm

A

no

68
Q

what surrounds the apex

A

the liver

69
Q

how large is a birds heart

A

1.5-2 times larger than mammals

70
Q

where should IM injections be given

A

pectorals

71
Q

where do a birds ureters empty into

A

cloaca

72
Q

are creatinine and BUN useful in renal function tests for birds

A

no

73
Q

what is tested for renal function in birds and why

A

uric acid; increases in the blood with renal failure

74
Q

what makes up 15% of a birds weight

A

eyes

75
Q

what is a voluntary strated muscle in birds

A

iris

76
Q

pigmented structure that provides nutrients to the vitreous

A

pectena

77
Q

what are the bones that support the eye

A

sclerotic ring

78
Q

what is a syrinx

A

sound producing structure cranial to bifurcation of trachea

79
Q

when does oxygen exchange happen in birds

A

both inhale and exhale

80
Q

do birds have an abdomen

A

no; coelomic cavity

81
Q

what is a true gladular stomach in birds

A

proventriculus

82
Q

what is a gizzard

A

ventriculus

83
Q

what do the feces of parrots contain

A

gram + organisms

84
Q

what receives birds feces

A

copradeum

85
Q

what receives urine and urates from the ureters

A

urodeum

86
Q

what is the area just before a birds vent

A

proctodeum

87
Q

how many functional ovaries do female birds have

A

one; left

88
Q

how long does it take to “lay” the shell

A

20 hours

89
Q

what temp should bird eggs be incubated

A

95C 35C

90
Q

what is a normal blood glucose for birds

A

twice that of mammals

91
Q

what is the anticoagulent of choice for birds

A

lithium heparin

92
Q

what do seed based diets provide

A

low vitamins, calcium, and protein; high fat

93
Q

what should birds not be fed

A

peanuts, avocados, and chocolate

94
Q

what can some aviary birds be prone to

A

iron storage disease

95
Q

what is hemochromatosis

A

excessive iron in the diet

96
Q

what is a “tail bob” indicative of

A

dyspnea

97
Q

what should not be restricted during restraint

A

sternum movement

98
Q

what indicates body condition

A

pectoral muscles

99
Q

what vein should be used to assess hydration

A

basilic

100
Q

basilic vein aka

A

cutanious ulnar vein

101
Q

what air sac should be used for intubation

A

caudal thoracic

102
Q

what type of anesthesia machine should be used on birds

A

non-rebreathers

103
Q

what should be used for preparation of skin

A

chlorhexidine

104
Q

what are fluids administered at

A

7.5 ml/kg/hr

105
Q

what feathers are clipped in large birds

A

only primaries

106
Q

what jugular vein is larger

A

right

107
Q

how much blood can be taken from a bird

A

1% of body weight

108
Q

what is the best type of medication for clients

A

liquid oral

109
Q

what is metals are toxic to birds

A

zinc and lead

110
Q

what does CTT mean

A

comfy t-shirt temp (70F)

111
Q

how much of the liver is damaged before CS are seen

A

80%

112
Q

what does flu-like symptoms and lime green feces indicate

A

chlamydiosis

113
Q

what is the treatment of chlamydiosis

A

tetracycline for 45 days

114
Q

what disease is most pathogenic

A

avian influenza

115
Q

what is the most commonly seen pox

A

canary

116
Q

what has a vaccine

A

canary pox; every 6 months, and budgie fledgling disease

117
Q

what is pacheco’s disease

A

herpes virus

118
Q

what is budgie fledgling disease aka

A

french molt

119
Q

what is considered to be fatal once CS develope

A

psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD)

120
Q

what is a fatal disease found in poultry most often

A

exotic new castle disease

121
Q

what does gray/white lesions in the oral cavity indicate

A

candidiasis

122
Q

what causes pitting and scaling of beak and skin in birds

A

knemidokoptes pilae

123
Q

what vaccine is USDA registered

A

plyoma virus

animal tech (10 decks)

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