quotes

Question 1

Burridge, SAE

Answer 1

‘intrinsically superior to other varieties’
‘a benchmark of excellence that reflects correctness, precision, purity and elegance.’
‘best practice’

Question 2

Australian Voices, Macquarie University, SAE

Answer 2

‘dominant dialect’

Question 3

Pam Peters, SAE

Answer 3

‘More formal choices reflect serious subjects…and lend dignity, weight and authority to a communication’

Question 4

Dr Evan Kidd, Broad, colloquial

Answer 4

‘increase your likeability’

Question 5

Crystal, identity

Answer 5

‘…every social group has its own linguistic bonding mechanism.’

Question 6

Eades, AbE

Answer 6

‘[Aboriginal Englishes are] a powerful vehicle for the expression of Aboriginal identity.’

Question 7

Felicity Cox, identity

Answer 7

‘Language is a dynamic symbol of identity and culture.’

Question 8

Sharon Davis, Abe

Answer 8

‘rule governed, legitimate language… connects Aboriginal people to culture, Country and community’

Question 9

McCrindle, Teenspeak

Answer 9

‘… youth have always used language as a code, a way of excluding others’

Question 10

Crystal, slang

Answer 10

‘The use of slang is a means of marking social or linguistic identity.’

Question 11

Peter Collin, Australian slang

Answer 11

‘Australians are renowned for their colloquial creativity.’ [and their ‘colourful compounds’]

Question 12

Burridge, jargon

Answer 12

‘Jargon facilitates communication on one hand, but erects quite successful communication barriers on the other.’

Question 13

Stephen Fry, jargon

Answer 13

‘It is not exclusivity; it is precision’

Question 14

Burridge, euphemism

Answer 14

‘Euphemisms are linguistic deodorisers.’

Question 15

Fromkin, Blair & Collins, dysphemism

Answer 15

Dysphemisms serve ‘to vent strong emotion.’

Question 16

Burridge & Mulder, discriminatory

Answer 16

‘Discriminatory language expresses cultural norms and belief systems’

Question 17

Clive Hamilton, the Conversation, discriminatory

Answer 17

has the effect of ‘reinforcing the subjugation of people already in a weak or vulnerable position in society’.

Question 18

Noam Chomsky, PC

Answer 18

‘… a healthy expansion of moral concern.’

Question 19

Allan & Burridge, PC

Answer 19

‘PC language reflects, and also seeks to enforce, social change.’

Question 20

Burnside & Watson, doublespeak

Answer 20

‘Doublespeak uses language to smuggle uncomfortable ideas into comfortable minds.’

Question 21

Harold Pinter, doublespeak

Answer 21

‘Language is more often an instrument of concealment than revelation.’

Question 22

Orwell, political language

Answer 22

‘Political language… is designed to make lies sound truthful, murder respectable and to give the appearance of solidity to pure wind.’