Quizzzz

Question 1

Which cell type mediates the transport of material over the epithelial barrier via a process called transcytosis?

Answer 1

M-cells

Question 2

 Which compound plays an important role in regulating the tolerance for food compounds in the gut?

Answer 2

IgA

Question 3

What is an important immunoregulatory function of IL-10 in the gut?

Answer 3

Suppression of immune cells in the lamina propria

Question 4

Which cells are in charge to calm the immune response?

Answer 4

T-regs

Question 5

Which cell type or structure is NOT part of Peyers’ Patches?

Mesenteric lymph nodes
Follicles
M-cells
DC’s

Answer 5

Mesenteric lymph nodes

Question 6

 Which cell type can extend dendroits between epithelial cells lining the intestinal wall to sample antigens from the mucus layer that, after degradation, are presented to lymphocytes?

Answer 6

DC’s

Question 7

Which cell type is NOT a source of AMPs?

Bacteria
Paneth cells
B-cells
Intestinal epithelial cells

Answer 7

B-cells

Question 8

 What is the first protective defence of the gastrointestinal tract against pathogenic bacteria?

Answer 8

The harsh acidic environment of the stomach

Question 9

 Serosa is part of the mucosa
True/false

Answer 9

False

Question 10

 Which structure of the intestine is recognized as gatekeeper preventing the invasion of pathogenic bacteria and noxious compounds?

Answer 10

Mucosa

Question 11

 What are are the mucus-producing cells of the mono-layer of epithelial cells lining the intestinal wall?

Answer 11

Goblet cells

Question 12

 Which cells are NOT located in the epithelial cell layer of the mucosa?

Paneth
B-cells
M cells
Goblet cells
Enteroendocrine cells
Enterocytes

Answer 12

B-cells
The B-cells are located in the lamina propria that is located underneath the epithelial cell layer

Question 13

 Akkermansia mucinophila is, under healthy conditions, located in the firm inner mucus layer covering the intestinal wall.
True/false

Answer 13

False
The firm inner mucus layer is sterile in normal healthy conditions.

Question 14

Receptor-mediated transport is an important element regulating the paracellular transport route
True/false

Answer 14

False
receptor-mediated transport of nutrients contributes to the transcellular pathway

Question 15

Which statement is correct? Tight junctions…

• are structures present in the lamina propria
• play an important role in the chemical intestinal barrier
• regulate the paracellular transport
• are contributing to the enteroendocrine signalling pathway

Answer 15

• regulate the paracellular transport

Question 16

 Four commonly recognized elements contribute to the intestinal barrier, which of the barriers is NOT one of them?

Physical
Microbial
Chemical
Neuroendocrine
Immunological

Answer 16

Neuroendocrine

Question 17

 the ratio between the number of host cells and the total number of bacteria in the human body =

Answer 17

1:1,3

Question 18

 Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is considered as “the father of microbiology” since he discovered

Answer 18

bacteria

Question 19

 What are the two major phyla dominating the gut microbiota community of a healthy individual?

Answer 19

Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes

Question 20

 Clostridia, Roseburia, Lactobacillus, Prausnitzii, Prevotella and Desulfovibrio represent different …….. inhabiting the intestine

Answer 20

Different genera/species inhabiting the intestine