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2nd Experimental psychology > Quizzes > Flashcards

Quizzes Flashcards

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1
Q

What does explanation entail in psychological research?

A

Understanding the conditions that reliably produce a behavior

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2
Q

What is control in the context of psychological research?

A

Testing theories or explaining psychological phenomena.

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3
Q

What defines laws in the scientific context?

A

Principles applicable to all situations

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4
Q

A group of poets wants to explore the emotional impact of their verses on readers. Is this scenario testable or not testable?

A

Not testable

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5
Q

Which aspect of informed consent ensures that individuals are not pressured into participating?

A

Giving subjects the freedom to withdraw from the experiment

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6
Q

A team of historians seeks to understand the motivations behind historical figures’ actions.

A

Not testable

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7
Q

What should researchers provide to subjects during the informed consent process?

A

An explanation of the potential risks and benefits

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8
Q

What is required after using deception in a research study according to the APA Guidelines?

A

• Providing participants with debriefing (full disclosure)

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9
Q

What does high external validity suggest about research findings?

A

• They are applicable to a wide range of people and situations outside the research setting

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10
Q

When might nonexperimental designs be used?

A

When experiments are not ethical or possible, or when testing hypotheses in realistic conditions

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11
Q

What is a requirement for an experiment in psychology?

A

Randomly assigning subjects to
treatment conditions

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12
Q

Why is experimentation not always possible in psychological research?

A

Due to the difficulty in establishing cause-and-effect relationships

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13
Q

It consists of scientific techniques used to collect and evaluate psychological data.

A

Methodology

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14
Q

Which of the following statements best defines commonsense psychology?

A

Informal beliefs and expectations that guide behavior towards others

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15
Q

What is the role of scientific methods in psychological research?

A

To identify alternative explanations and observe systematically

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16
Q

Which of the following is not a component of scientific methods in psychology?

A

Relying on intuition

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17
Q

What does confirmation bias entail?

A

Overlooking instances that might disconfirm beliefs

18
Q

Which philosopher is associated with the concept of the Scientific Mentality?

A

Alfred North Whitehead

19
Q

What is empirical data primarily concerned with?

A

Observable and experienced phenomena

20
Q

What distinguishes basic research from applied research?

A

The goals and objectives of the
research

21
Q

What is the primary goal of applied research?

A

Solving real-world problems

22
Q

What does prediction involve in psychological research?

A

Understanding the conditions that reliably produce a behavior

23
Q

A group of researchers wants to investigate the impact of meditation on stress levels in college students.
Is this scenario testable or not testable?

A

Testable

24
Q

What is the primary responsibility of International Review Boards (IRBs)?

A

Protecting the safety of research participants

25
Q

What is the purpose of ensuring that consent forms are written in clear, understandable language?

A

To ensure participants understand
the risks and benefits

26
Q

How can researchers reinforce important information during the informed consent process?

A

By verbally emphasizing important points

27
Q

What does the “content of science” refer to?

A

The facts and knowledge acquired

28
Q

Which of the following is an example of commonsense psychology?

A

Absence makes the heart grow
fonder

29
Q

What is the Gambler’s fallacy related to?

A

Overestimating the likelihood of
rare events

30
Q

He proposed that science advances by revising theories based on the
“weight of evidence?

A

Karl Popper

31
Q

What is replication in the context of scientific studies?

A

An exact or systematic repetition of
a study

32
Q

What are the four main obiectives of science?

A

Description, prediction, explanation, and control

33
Q

According to Robert Rosenthal, why can poorly designed research be unethical?

A

Because it leads to unwarranted and inaccurate conclusions

34
Q

How does internal validity differ between nonexperimental and experimental research?

A

Nonexperimental research has low internal validity, while experimental research has high internal validity

35
Q

What does internal validity refer to in research?

A

The degree to which causal statements can be made between the independent and dependent variables

36
Q

What does “science as process” entail?

A

Gathering data systematically, noting relationships, and offering explanations

37
Q

What are data in the context of scientific studies?

A

Facts and figures gathered

38
Q

What does the principle of modus tollens allow us to do?

A

Disprove statements using a single, contrary observation

39
Q

How does replication contribute to confidence in experimental results?

A

By adding to the weight of supporting evidence

40
Q

What distinguishes pseudoscience from true scientific fields of study?

A

The appearance of being scientific without true scientific basis

2nd Experimental psychology (6 decks)

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