Midterm Prac Exam Flashcards
Data about opinions, attitudes, preferences, and behaviors using questionnaire
Survey research
What is a major advantage of anonymous surveys?
Increased accuracy of responses to sensitive questions
What is the primary limitation of the survey approach?
Inability to test causal relationships
What is the first step in constructing surveys?
Identifying specific research objectives
What is the purpose of closed questions?
To limit response options
What scale assigns items to two or more distinct categories but does not measure their magnitude?
Nominal scale
Which of the following is NOT a concern when constructing survey questions?
A) Simplicity
B) Ambiguity
C) Exhaustive response choices
D) Longevity
Longevity
What is the tendency to respond to questions without regard to their actual wording called?
Response bias
Which type of interview allows for exploration of interesting topics as they arise?
Unstructured interviews
What are the probability sampling method?
• Simple random sampling
• Systematic random sampling
• Stratified Random sampling
• Cluster sampling
What are the nonprobability sampling method?
• Quota sampling
• Convenience sampling
• Purposive sampling
• Snowball sampling
What is the measure of the degree of linear correlation between two variables ranging from -1 through 0 to +1?
Correlation coefficient
What are the property of correlation coefficients?
- Linearity
- Sign
- probability
- Magnitude
What is a graphic display of pairs of data points on the x and y axes called?
Scatterplot
What is the term for an artificial restriction of the range of X and Y that can reduce the strength of a correlation coefficient?
Range truncation
What type of study compares the effects of treatments on preexisting groups of subjects?
Nonequivalent groups design
What is the measure of the amount of variability that can be explained by a predictor variable?
Coefficient of determination
Which design measures relationships over time to suggest a causal path?
Cross-lagged panel design
What is the term for creating and testing models that suggest cause-and-effect relationships between behaviors?
Causal modeling
What type of scale assigns items to distinct categories but does not measure their magnitude?
Nominal scale
Which of the following is NOT a type of response style?
A) Willingness to answer
B) Social desirability
C) Position reference
D) Double-barreled questions
D) Double-barreled questions
What type of questions can be answered using a limited number of alternatives and have a high imposition of units?
Closed/ Structured questions
What is the term for selecting an answer based on its position?
Position reference
What is the major step in constructing surveys?
Collect survey data
Measures the magnitude of the dependent variable using equal intervals between values with no absolute zero point
interval scale
What is the concern when constructing survey items?
Irrelevant to the survey’s central topic
What is the tendency to agree with an item regardless of its manifest content called?
Yea-saying
Which of the following is NOT a type of interview?
Structured interviews
Unstructured interviews
Semi-structured interviews
Closed interviews
Closed interviews
What statistical technique is used to determine the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables?
Simple correlation
Which of the following is a longitudinal design?
Cross-sectional study
Pretest/posttest design
Nonequivalent groups design
Longitudinal study
Longitudinal study
The amount of variability explained by a predictor variable
coefficient of determination estimating
What term describes the tendency to respond to questions without regard to their actual wording?
Response bias
What type of questions can be answered using a limited number of alternatives and have a high imposition of units?
Structured questions
What is the purpose of using closed questions in surveys?
To limit response options
What is the primary concern when constructing survey questions?
Ambiguity
Representing oneself in a socially appropriate fashion when responding
social desirability
Questions are asked the same way each time
structured interviews
What is the term for selecting an answer based on its position within a survey?
Position reference
Which of the following is NOT a major step in constructing surveys?
- Decide on the degree of imposition of unit
- Decide how you will analyze the survey
- Collect survey data
- Identify specific research objectives
- Collect survey data
Measures the strength of a linear association
Pearson’s r
What is the measure of the amount of variability that can be explained by a predictor variable?
Coefficient of determination
What type of study compares the effects of treatments on preexisting groups of subjects?
Nonequivalent groups design
What is the term for creating and testing models that suggest cause-and-effect relationships between behaviors?
Causal modeling
What is the tendency to agree with an item regardless of its manifest content called?
Yea-saying