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Anantomy > Quizlet Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Quizlet Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Blood is carried away from the heart by?

A

systemic and pulmonary arteries

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2
Q

Which of the following arteries is a branch of the brachiocephalic trunk?

A

right subclavian

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3
Q

Which artery enters the skull through the foramen magnum?

A

vertebral

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4
Q

Which of the following arteries is/are NOT a branch(es) of the aorta?

A

pulmonary arteries

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5
Q

The _______ is the part of the aorta that passes through the diaphragm

A

descending aorta

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6
Q

The circle of Willis provides blood supply to the _______.

A

Brain

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7
Q

The basilar artery is formed by the union of the _______ arteries.

A

Vertebral

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8
Q

Which of the following vessels return blood directly into the inferior vena cava?

A

hepatic veins and common iliac veins

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9
Q

The longest vein in the human body is the _______.

A

great saphenous

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10
Q

Which of the following veins is/are most responsible for draining blood from the head?

A

internal jugular

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11
Q

Which of the following is the largest artery in the thigh?

A

Femoral

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12
Q

If your total blood volume is 5 liters, the volume in your veins and venules at any given time is about _______.

A

3 liters

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13
Q

Contraction of skeletal muscles in the leg causes blood to be pumped toward the heart because?

A

proximal valves open and distal valves close

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14
Q

Which type of blood vessel is primarily responsible for control of systemic vascular resistance on a moment-to-moment basis?

A

arterioles

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15
Q

The most immediate result of increased skeletal muscle contraction and increased respiratory rate (activating the “respiratory pump”) would be?

A

Increase venous return to the heart

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16
Q

Stimulation of baroreceptors in large arteries of the head and neck, triggers sympathetic stimulation of vascular smooth muscle, resulting in?

A

Vasoconstriction

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17
Q

If blood pressure drops, negative feedback mechanisms trigger?

A

ncreased heart rate, stroke volume, and vasoconstriction

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18
Q

Which of the following chemical changes in blood is least likely to activate chemoreceptors (in aorta and carotids) to signal the cardiovascular center to increase heart rate?

A

High blood level of O2

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19
Q

The blood that flows to the left arm passes through the _______.

A

left subclavian artery

20
Q

The right radial and right ulnar arteries are branches of the right _______ artery

A

Brachial

21
Q

True or false: The kidneys are supplied with blood from branches of the celiac artery.

A

False

22
Q

The precapillary sphincters

are structures that regulate the flow of blood to what?

A

The capillaries

23
Q

True or false: The greater the diameter of the lumen of a blood vessel, the lower the resistance to blood flow through that vessel.

A

True

24
Q

True or false: When blood pressure increases, the cardiovascular center responds by increasing parasympathetic stimulation and decreasing sympathetic stimulation.

A

True

25
Q

The ability of a tissue to adjust it’s blood flow is called what?

A

Autoregulation

26
Q

Blood flows through the blood vessels because of the establishment of what?

A

A pressure gradient

27
Q

Supplying additional fat tissue with blood may raise blood pressure because of an increase in what?

A

Total vessel length

28
Q

What is formed by reuniting capillaries?

A

Venules

29
Q

What are the medium-sized vessels capable of high degree of vasoconstriction and vasodialation called?

A

muscular arteries

30
Q

Elastic arteries are very stretchable and able to do what?

A

Recoil

31
Q

What regulates the blood flow in the capillaries?

A

the arterioles

32
Q

Filteration of substances out of capillaries occurs when the capillary blood pressure is _______ and blood colloid osmotic pressure is ______.

A

High, low

33
Q

Which hormones have opposite effects on blood pressure?

A

ADH (antidiuretic hormone) and ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide)

34
Q

True or false: Walls of arteries are generally thicker and contain more elastic tissue than walls of veins.

A

True

35
Q

Blood flows slowly through the capillaries to permit what to occur between the blood and body cells?

A

efficient exchange of nutrients an wastes

36
Q

What leads to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary trunk

37
Q

What returns blood from the lungs to the heart?

A

the pulmonary vein

38
Q

Will an increase in cardic output increase or decrease blood pressure?

A

Increase it

39
Q

Will hemorrhage increase or decrease blood pressure?

A

Decrease it

40
Q

Will vasodialation increase or decrease blood pressure?

A

Decrease it

41
Q

Will vasoconstriction increase or decrease blood pressure?

A

Increase it

42
Q

Aldosterone affects blood pressure by increasing reabsoption of what by the kidneys?

A

Sodium ions and water

43
Q

Venous return to the heart is enhanced by the pressure difference from venules to what?

A

Left ventricle

44
Q

Paralysis called “ lock Down syndrome” conscious but unable to move

A

Basilar stroke

45
Q

Safety mechanism if one of the arteries gets blocked, still provides the brain with blood

A

Circle of Willis

Anantomy (12 decks)

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