Blood Vessels And Circulation Flashcards
True or false: blood flows from regions of higher pressure to regions of lower pressure.
True
Type of blood vessel that carry blood away from heart to body tissues.
Arteries
Smaller version of arteries delivers blood to capillaries. These regulate blood flow via construction and dilation ( blood pressure)
Arterioles
Microscopic version of previous answer located within tissues/ organs through which materials are exchanged between blood and interstitial fluid. Walls thin for diffusion.
Capillaries ( these connect to arterioles and venules)
Type of blood vessel that carries blood from tissues back to heart l?
Veins
These are small veins where capillaries reunite in tissue
Venules
Since veins contain so much of the body’s blood (64%), certain veins function as what? What regions of the body largely contain these veins with function ?
Blood Reserviors, veins of abdominal organs (liver/spleen) and skin
How many layers compose of walls of blood vessels? Which layer of composed of smooth muscle?
3 layers, middle layer
The hollow space through which blood flows in blood vessels is known as what ?
Lumen
Decrease in the diameter of the hollow space in blood vessels (previous question) when the smooth muscle in the walls contract is known as what?
Vasoconstriction
What chemicals can cause relaxation of the smooth muscle in blood vessel walls to increase the diameter in which blood flows l? What does this cause?
Nitric oxide and Latin acid, causes vasodilation
A type of artery with the largest diameter, high proportions of elastic fibers in middle layer, walls relatively thin, are known as what? They help propel blood onward while ventricles relax via stretching their walls to handle blood surge.
Elastic arteries
A type of artery that’s medium-sized, contain more smooth muscle, are capable of greater vasoconstriction and vasodilation to better control blood flow? List two examples.
Muscular artery, brachial artery, radial artery
What is this condition characterized by a weakened section of a blood vessel wall that bulges outward, creating a balloon/ like sac. If left untreated, this can burst and cause hemorrhage, stroke, or death.
Aneurysm
Capillaries are present near almost every cell of the body, but their number varies depending on metabolic activity of the tissue they serve. What are examples of tissues with lower capillary counts? What tissues have no capillaries at all?
Tendons and ligaments, the cornea and lens of the eye as well as cartilage have none
A type of capillary found in the liver, these mix oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, are large but thin-walled with large intercellular clefts.
Sinusoids
Extensive capillary branching networks known as?
Capillary beds
Capillary filling is controlled by what two things?
Small arterioles and precapillary sphincters
When precapillary Sphinters contract causing less blood flow through capillaries this creates what?
Thorough fare channels
Is capillary filling considered autoregulating or not ?
Autorrgulating
True or false: Lois flows faster through capillaries than through larger blood vessels?
False- slower means flower flow, allowing time for gas/material exchange
The movement of substances into and out of capillaries, the prime mission of the cardiovascular system, is known as?
Capillary exchange
Capillary blood pressure is the pressure of blood against capillary walls, this pushes fluid out of capillaries into interstitial fluid. What is the opposing pressure that pulls fluid into capillaries?
Blood colloid osmotic pressure