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Marine Biology > quiz unit 3 > Flashcards

quiz unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what properties make water so unique

A

states of water
makes up most our bodies and about 80 percent of marine orgnisms
hydrogen bonds
universal solvent

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2
Q

states of water

A

solid liquid gas

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3
Q

liquid

A

H bonds
moving molecules
temp increases as molecular movment increases

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4
Q

Gas

A

no H bonds molecues spread out FAST

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5
Q

solid

A

so cold molecules lock into crystal pattern, moleculares farther apart then liquid

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6
Q

Rank

A
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7
Q

Rank states of water from most to least dense

A

LSG

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8
Q

Because of ____ it kaes a lot more _____________ to ____

A

hydrogen bonds
heat and energy, to change temp of water
takes a lot more heat and energy removal to freeze

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9
Q

the amount of energy needed to raise temp of water 1 degree celsius

A

for water specific heat very high

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10
Q

water is a universal solvent

A

can dissove more things than any other natural substance
very good at dissolving salts and ions
NaCl+ and Cl-
charge from water molecules pulls the Na and Cl apart

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11
Q

materials in sea come from:

A

weathering
breakdown of continental crust
carried into sea by rivver
earths interior
also releases into atmosphere by volcanoes then falls in precipitaiton

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12
Q

density

A

mass of a gievn volue of a sybstane

mass/volume

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13
Q

salinity of seawater

A

composed of about 6 diff ions
sodium chlorida 85 percent
salinity varies by body of water
higher salinity=higher density (sink)

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14
Q

where is salinity highest

A

atlantic because its hotter so evaporates which leaves more salt behind

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15
Q

where is salinity lowest

A

coastlines because freshwater run off from rivers

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16
Q

deeper it is…

A

the lower the surface salinity

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17
Q

seawater is relativley transparent so sunlight can ____ this is vital bc

A

penetrate through the ocean

all photosynthesis organisms need water to grow

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18
Q

different ____ penetrate different depths dependign on the frequency

A

colors

19
Q

marine organisms withstand _____

A

pressure of the atmosphere as welll as ocean on top of them (many organisms have special adaptions to withstand

20
Q

gasses dissolve better in

A

cold water

21
Q

ocean hold stores more than ______ as much as the total CO2 in the atmospherw

A

50

22
Q

ocean circulation

A

driven by win and is infulenced bu the coriolis affect

23
Q

cariolis effect

A

bc the earth is round and rotates anything that moves over its surface tends to turn a little this affects wind patterns and surface currents

24
Q

what drives ocean currents

A

wind drives surace currents by pushing water

25
Q

temp and salinity cause change in

A

density

26
Q

surface currents result from flobal wind patterns which are cuased by

A

uneven heating of earths suface

27
Q

what occurs in major ocean basins

A

ocean gyres

28
Q

warm equitorial waters are driven

A

westward by tradwwinfs

29
Q

ocean gyres play a major role in maintaining

A

earth’s heat balence

30
Q

the gulf streams

A

play role in..
earths climate
transporting large amount of heat energy

31
Q

warm surface currents

A

increase rate of evap
heavy rainfall near coasts
high cloud cover
high humidity

32
Q

cold surface currents

A

low evap
arid dry coastlines (CALI)
less clouds
foggy

33
Q

upwellings

A

deliver cold, nutrient-rich water to surface

occur where wind force water away from coastline or where seamount can deflect water up

water becomes fertilized increasing productivity of plankton and producing strong foodwbs

34
Q

draw diagram of upwelling on coasline and on seamount

A

right coastline and upwlling arrows up coastline a d strong plankton on top right next to it and going to left and

sea moutain and upwelling arrow go up left and then strong plankton on topgo to right

35
Q

downwelling

A

sinking of surface water
more dense watwer sinks

36
Q

global ocean converyer belt

A

system of slow moving currentts that begin witht he downwelling of the north atlantic deep water current and travels through all the oceans

include surface, deep, and vertical currents

37
Q

el nino

A

every 3-7 yrs
chsnge in wind patterns refult in shift in

ocean temp and currents
rain patterns
disrupts gfood wbs

38
Q

normal conditons in pacific

A

strong tradwinds blow W across equitorial pacific
upwlling strong along coast of S America

39
Q

el nino conditions in pacific ocean

A

tradwinds weaker
eastern pacific becomes warmer bc arent pushes west anymore
more evap in E pacific
food webs collapses

40
Q

la nina

A

opposite of el nino
tradwinds stronger
warm water pushed W

41
Q

cal currents

A

left of calli

42
Q

humboldt current

A

left of S america

43
Q

gult stream

A

right of americ and beneath

Marine Biology (8 decks)

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