Quiz 9 Flashcards
Systematic method of problem solving employed in recreation therapy. The process contains four phases: assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation; sometimes referred to as the therapeutic recreation process
recreation therapy process
Common name for Assessment Tools for Recreational Therapy by burlingame and Blaschko
Red Book
Occurs when a client is directed to another helping professional
referral
Regrowth, repair, or replacement of lost or injured cells, nerve fiber tissues, or organs
regeneration
Returning to an earlier method of behaving; a relapse or exacerbation of symptoms
regression
To restore or return the person to maximum functioning and optimal adjustment
rehabilitation
(1916- ) Occupational therapist (OT) who promoted the importance of work and play; foremost OT futurist; guiding light of graduate study in occupational therapy
Reilly, Mary
Presentation of a reward or removal of an aversive stimulus following a response. Reinforcement always increases the future probability of the reinforced response
reinforcement
Means to help clients experiencing stress and tension to develop feelings of deep relaxation through a series of guided exercises involving muscle tensing and relaxing. Also termed progressive relaxation training
relaxation training
Degree to which test results are consistent on different occasions; internal consistency of a test
reliability
Technique used with elders that involves recalling past events and experiences
reminiscing
Significant improvement or recovery from a disease or disorder which may or may not be permanent; partial or complete disappearance of symptoms of a chronic or malignant disease
remission
Originated by Dorothy Haskins Smith, this technique involves a group interaction process for moderately confused elderly residents
remotivation
Exclusion of an anxiety-producing event from the conscious awareness
repression
Client in a residential setting (e.g., nursing home); physician completing postmedical school training beyond the internship
resident
Urine that remains in the bladder after voiding
residual urine
Techniques used to increase the social functioning of residents in geriatric settings which aim to increase the awareness of self and others by helping clients form relationships, establish friendships, and develop new interests
resocialization
Patient classification system in which clients are grouped according to their anticipated use of healthcare resources. This grouping system is the basis for the Health Care Financing Administration’s prospective payment system (PPS) in skilled nursing facilities (SNF)
Resource Utilization Group (RUG)
Network of organs that supply oxygen for metabolism and expel carbon dioxide
respiratory system
Care in which someone comes into the home for a few hours to relieve the caregiver or when the client is sent to an agency (e.g., day care) or facility (e.g., nursing home) for a short period of time (e.g., weekend or week) to give the caregiver a rest
respite care
Portion of the brainstem containing control centers for sleep, arousal, and attention
reticular system
Infection of the upper respiratory tract. Rheumatic heart disease is a potential complication
rheumatic fever
Process of identifying, analyzing and treating risks, thus avoiding risks that could lead to injury of clients, staff, or visitors; should improve client care and reduce malpractice claims
risk management
Phenomenon studied by social psychologists that people in groups behave with greater risk than those not in a group
risky shift
Reality orientation
RO
(1913-1992) Occupational therapist who was Chief of Army Medical Specialist Corps; approved education program for COTA’s while AOTA president (1955-1958)
Robinson, Ruth
(1902-1987) Psychologist who helped found humanistic psychology and developed person-centered therapy
Rogers, Carl R.
Technique involving deep massage of the connective tissues which bind and connect muscles and bones
Rolfing
Range of motion
ROM
Projective psychological test sometimes referred to as the inkblot test
Rorschach test
Recreation therapy; respiratory therapy
RT
Resource Utilization Group
RUG
Obsessive repeating of a thought or idea; used with infants to mean regurgitation and reswallowing of food
rumination
(1745-1813) Father of American psychiatry
Rush, Benjamin
Lowest part of the spine; the bones or vertebrae in this section of the spine end with the “tailbone” and join the pelvis (hip)
sacrum
Pleasure derived from inflicting physical or psychological pain or abuse on others
sadism
Flat, triangular bone in the back of the shoulder—often called the shoulder blade
scapula
Term used to designate a large group of severe mental disorders of a psychotic level characterized by disturbances of thinking, emotionality, and behavior. The thinking disturbance is marked by distortion of reality, often with accompanying delusions, hallucinations, and incoherent speech. The mood disturbance is marked by inappropriate affective responses. Behavior may be withdrawn, regressive, and bizarre
schizophrenia
Lateral curvature of the spine
scoliosis
Basic existential decisions about one’s life plan made at an early age regarding one’s self and others. Script positions relate to “I’m OK, You’re OK,” “I’m not OK, You’re not OK,” and so on. Term from transactional analysis
scripts
Disease or disorder that results from an earlier injury or medical problem
secondary disease (or disorder)
Conditioned reinforcer; one that is learned
secondary reinforcement
Seizures in which there is a loss of consciousness. If brief (lasting a few seconds), it is called an absence (once termed petit mal) which consists of staring or rolling back the eyes. To an observer, it may be seen as a brief lapse in activity.
The other type is tonic/clonic (once called grand mal)
in which the person loses consciousness, stiffens all over, has jerking movements of the arms and legs, and has a loss of urine.
seizures, generalized
Basic human drive toward growth, completeness, and fulfillment
self-actualization
How individuals see themselves and how they feel about themselves. Made up of both self-awareness and affective elements
self-concept
People’s belief that they can succeed at something they want to do
self-efficacy
Self-regard or the value placed on oneself. Equates roughly to terms such as “self-respect” and “personal worth”
self-esteem
Distorted belief or expectation that leads the individual to behave as he or she is expected to behave by others
self-fulfilling prophecy
Dementia found in old people, whose symptoms are often referred to as “senility.” Onset is insidious, progression is slow and gradual, and no specific therapy is known
senile dementia
Pertaining to sensation
sensory
Organization of sensations, from the seven sensory systems, for use. It is a primary function of the central nervous system
sensory integration
Programming to reactivate senses (e.g., taste, smell) that have not received adequate stimulation; often used in long-term care facilities
sensory stimulation
Group technique directed toward maintaining and improving the functioning of regressed patients through a program of stimulus bombardment
sensory training
Dogs trained to assist people with disabilities by performing tasks such as opening or closing doors, picking up items, or pulling a wheelchair
service dogs
Behavior modification technique involving the development of a new behavior by reinforcing a series of behaviors that are progressively similar to the desired new behavior
shaping
Supportive employment environment in which persons with disabilities produce a product or provide a service
sheltered workshop
Drug’s undesired action on the body
side effect
Parent, teacher, coach, recreation leader or other person whose relationship is regarded to be especially important. Significant others influence feelings and behavior
significant other
Nursing home, or unit in nursing home, that meets criteria for accreditation in order to receive Medicaid and Medicare reimbursement; skilled nursing facilities include the provision of rehabilitation, nursing, and medical services
skilled nursing facility (SNF)
(1904-1990) Noted behaviorist psychologist known for his work on operant conditioning or reinforcement theory
Skinner, B. F.
(1871-1942) Third president of the American Occupational Therapy Association (1919-1920); started first occupational therapy school (The Henry P. Faville School of Occupations) in Chicago; Founding Member of National Society for Promotion of Occupational Therapy (NSPOT)
Slagle, Eleanor Clarke
SOAP of each entry in a problem-oriented record: subjective data, objective data, assessment, and plan
Method of charting, which designates the four parts
Social psychology theory centered on the effect of the presence of others on behavior, particularly performance and learning. Robert B. Zajonc has been responsible for much of the research on this theory
social facilitation theory
Means by which people acquire the behaviors, competencies, and attributes they need in order to fit adequately into the society to which they belong. A second meaning, often found in therapeutic recreation, is the process in which clients interact socially (i.e., socialize) with others, often with the intent of improving social skills.
socialization
Developed by Albert Bandura, it is a theoretical system of learning that combines operant and classical conditioning with cognitive mediational processes (e.g., vicarious learning) to account for the formation of behaviors
social learning theory
Behavioral term indicating attention (e.g., smile, affection, approval) from a significant other
social reinforcement
Interpersonal and interactive competencies employed in relating effectively with others
social skills
Perceived comfort, caring, esteem, or help an individual receives from other people
social support
Anal intercourse; legally, the term may include other sexual deviations such as sexual intercourse between a human and an animal (bestiality)
sodomy
Pertaining to the body
somatic
Division of the peripheral nervous system that transmits sensory and motor impulses
somatic nervous system
Treatment of psychiatric clients by physiological means
somatic therapy
(1910-1992) Occupational therapy (OT) educator who, with Helen Willard, wrote the first comprehensive OT textbook; pioneer in work hardening and work conditioning
Spackman, Clare
Abnormal, involuntary, sudden movement or convulsive muscular contraction
spasm
Tendency to spasm or violent involuntary contractions
spasticity
Athletic programs designed to meet the needs of persons with mental retardation. Begun in 1968 by the Kennedy Foundation, Special Olympics programs are now held throughout the world
Special Olympics
Groups of people who are not normally included in the mainstream of society; dated term
special populations
Programs directed toward the provision of recreation services for person who have special needs due to their disabilities
special recreation
Professionals who provide assessment, education, interventions, and services for individuals with communication disorders
speech therapists
Muscle fibers that constrict or block a passageway, such as the urethra or the rectum
sphincter
Congenital closure defect that generally occurs in the lower lumbar region of the spine. In mild forms there may be no obvious deformity, but in severe forms, parts
of the spinal canal balloon out through the defect, although the defect remains covered with skin
spina bifida
Body’s initial response to injury to the spinal cord, which may last three to four weeks and cause immediate flaccid paralysis, in which the muscles are soft or weak
spinal shock
Tear in a muscle, ligament, or tendon
sprain
Norm or criterion that expresses the agreed upon level of practice that has been developed to measure excellence; the basic or minimum level of practice deemed acceptable
standard of practice
Test that has established norms
standardized test
Research result in which there is an association between variables that is greater than would occur by chance
statistically significant
Assumptions and beliefs about a group of people that have been assigned to every member of that group
stereotypes
Pull in a muscle, ligament, or tendon caused by excessive stretch
strain
Condition that results when one perceives a discrepancy between the demands of a situation and his or her resources
stress
General term used to indicate interventions to reduce stress, such as progressive relaxation training, meditation, and yoga
stress management
Events or circumstances an individual perceives as threatening or potentially harmful
stressors
Cerebrovascular accident; a condition involving a brain damage that results from a disruption of the blood supply to that region. Also a transactional analysis term meaning a unit of recognition one person receives from another. Equates roughly with the behavioristic concept of social reinforcement
stroke
Temperature; tension
T
Tablet
tab
Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
T&A
Tuberculosis
TB
Total body weight
TBW
Transient ischemic attach
TIA
Three times a day
t.i.d.
Tender loving care; Total lung capacity
TLC
Therapeutic recreation
TR
Type
Ty
Unauthorized leave
UA
Urogenital
UG
Utilization Review
UR
Urinary tract infection
UTI
Veterans Affairs
VA
Veterans Affairs Medical Center
VAMC
Venereal disease
VD
Volume
Vol.
Volunteer
Vol
Maximal oxygen uptake (volume)
VO MAX
Vessel wall
VW
