Quiz 6 Flashcards by Amy Bruneau

Model of practice for therapeutic recreation developed by David R. Austin. Its goals include the treatment of illnesses and disorders (health protection) and the achievement of optimal health (health promotion)

Health Protection/Health Promotion Model

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Seeking pleasure and avoiding pain

hedonic

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Interpersonal relationship between a person(s) with special problems or needs and a person skilled in techniques to help meet these problems or needs. The goal of the relationship is to facilitate clients in assuming responsibility for themselves; it is not to solve their problems for them. The relationship is directed toward maximizing the clients’ growth potential and preventing or relieving problems

helping relationship

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Feeling that results when events and behaviors are perceived to be uncontrollable. Helplessness is learned through environmental interactions and therefore may be altered

helplessness

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Paralysis of one side of the body

hemiplegia

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Hereditary condition in which the blood fails to clot quickly enough causing prolonged, uncontrollable bleeding; it occurs almost exclusively in males and is transmitted by females

hemophilia

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Bleeding

hemorrhage

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Transmission of genetic characteristics from parent to child

heredity

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Protrusion of an organ, or part of it, through the wall of the cavity that houses it

hernia

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Sexual attraction or contact between opposite-sex individuals

heterosexuality

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Approach that centers around the wholeness of the individual, calling for wellness or health enhancement in contrast to the illness orientation often found in the medical community

high-level wellness

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(1914-1993) Prominent citizen leader who helped shape therapeutic recreation, and founder of Comeback, Inc., which gave grants to universities for graduate students in therapeutic recreation

Hill, Beatrice H.

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Human immunodeficiency virus

HIV

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Health maintenance organization

HMO

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Concept that views a person as more than the total sum of parts and shows concern and interest in all aspects of the person

holism

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Healthcare that takes into account the whole person interacting with the environment

holistic healthcare

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Refers to skill and performance in home management tasks, such as meal planning, meal preparation and clean-up, laundry, cleaning, minor household repairs, shopping, and use of household safety principles

homemaking

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State of equilibrium

homeostasis

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Fear of or prejudice against persons who are homosexuals

homophobia

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Sexual attraction or contact between same sex individuals

homosexuality

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Feeling that often accompanies helplessness in which the individual feels doomed to live with a condition with no opportunity to change

hopelessness

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Working with plants to bring about therapeutic outcomes in clients

horticulture therapy

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Program that provides supportive care for terminally ill patients and their families

hospice

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View that perceives the delivery of human services as a human enterprise in which the dignity and rights of clients are fully recognized. People are seen as striving to realize their individual potentials, yet capable of growing beyond themselves in order to care about others

humanistic perspective

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(1922-1994) Educator active during the evolutionary days of therapeutic recreation. Initiated TR curricula at the University of Iowa, Pennsylvania State University, and Temple University. Past president of NTRS

Humphrey, Fred

Hereditary progressive central nervous system disease characterized by jerking motions and progressive mental deterioration; onset in adult life

Huntington’s chorea

(1926- ) First president and first execu- tive secretary of NTRS

Hutchinson, Ira J.

Use of water in the treatment of disease

hydrotherapy

Overreaction to stimuli leading to greatly increased muscular movement. In DSM- IV called attention deficit disorder (ADD)

hyperactivity

Congestion of blood in any part of the body

hyperemia

Extreme or abnormal straightening beyond a position of extension

hyperextension

Farsightedness

hyperopia

Consistent elevation of blood pressure above normal

hypertension

Highly increased body temperature

hyperthermia

Abnormally high tension or tone, especially of the muscles

hypertonic

Increase in the size of a tissue or organ independent of the general growth of the body

hypertrophy

Psychological disorder characterized by anxiety and a preoccupation with somatic concerns and symptoms that do not exist

hypochondriasis

Low blood sugar

hypoglycemia

Psychopathologic state with restlessness and over activity, disinhibited behavior, racing thoughts, and elated mood

hypomania

Abnormally low blood pressure

hypotensive

Abnormally low tension or tone, especially in the muscles

hypotonic

Increase in the size of a tissue or organ independent of the general growth of the body

Symptom in which a person (who usually is paranoid) ascribes special importance to irrelevant events and believe that they are related to himself or herself

ideas of reference

Without a known cause

idiopathic

Individualized educational program

IEP

Misperception of an actual sensory stimulus

illusion

Use of positive suggestions to create mental representations of things we know or can fantasize

imagery

Blockage of the bowel with stool that results in severe constipation

impaction

Sexual activity between close blood relatives, such as father-daughter, mother-son, or between siblings

incest

Full inclusion of persons with disabilities into the recreation mainstream; joint participation of persons with and without disabilities

inclusive recreation

Some movement and/or feeling remains below the level of injury; movement and feeling may improve over time

incomplete injury

Inability of any of the organs to restrain discharges of their contents so that the dis- charges are involuntary

incontinence

Unable to restrain a natural discharge, as in urine, from the body

incontinent

Index published monthly by the National Library of Medicine listing articles from the medical, nursing, and allied health literature

Index Medicus

Program designed to meet a client’s treatment needs based on treatment goals and considering the client’s unique background, psychological makeup, personal needs, and expectations

individualized treatment plan (ITP)

Program specially designed to meet the educational needs of a specific child with a disability or disabilities

individualized educational program (IEP)

Catheter designed to be left in place for a prolonged time; often used to refer to a flexible tube, retained in the bladder, and used for continuous urinary drainage to a leg bag or other device

indwelling catheter

Area of tissue that dies from loss of blood supply

infarct

Permission given by a client to be involved in a treatment procedure or research study

informed consent

Patient who has been admitted to a hospital or other healthcare facility for at least an overnight stay

inpatient

Awareness of the origin, nature, and mechanisms of attitudes and behaviors; self-understanding

insight

Unlearned, biologically determined drive

instinct

Low blood sugar resulting from too much insulin, increased physical exercise, or insufficient intake of food

insulin reaction

Level or complexity of care provided encompassing setting and resources used (e.g., acute inpatient care is generally considered to require more intensity than home healthcare)

intensity

Hospital unit where patients receive critical care and close monitoring

intensive care unit (ICU)

Group of professionals with varied and specialized training who function together to provide clinical services for a client. Recreation therapists (or therapeutic recreation specialists) and occupational therapists are usually members of teams and, depending on type of setting, serve with professionals such as medical doctors, nurses, social workers, psychologists, speech therapists, and physical therapists

interdisciplinary team

Student completing a major field experience

intern

Carrying out a plan of action derived during the planning stage of the RT process to bring about changes in the client

intervention

Coming from within; an inherent quality

intrinsic

Insertion of a tube through the nose or mouth into the windpipe to keep the airways open

intubation

Numerical expression of intelligence derived by dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100

IQ (intelligence quotient)

Muscle contractions without major body movement, including tensing and relaxing opposing groups of muscles, or pulling or pushing against stationary objects

isometric exercise

Equal tension

isotonic

Muscle contraction, involving a constant amount of muscle tension, such as in gradually lifting a weight

isotonic exercise

Individualized treatment plan

ITP

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations

JCAHO

Diagram of the interpersonal behavior of individuals that reveals the degree of openness with which they meet other people and their level of awareness of themselves

Johari’s window

Group of agencies that establish standards for hospitals and health organizations which they apply during inspections that lead to accreditation

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)

(1895-1982) Started OT services at Indiana University Hospitals in the 1920s; Chairman of War Services Committee during WWII; first occupational therapist to serve as president of AOTA (1947-1952)

Kahmann, Winifred

Trade name for a care plan documentation system

Kardex

Treatment of disease by movement or exercise

kinesiotherapy

Muscle sense; the feel that accompanies a movement

kinesthesis

Act of assigning a categorical term to an individual, often causing stigmatization

labeling

Unstable; rapidly shifting

labile

Forming a permanent opening into the colon by incision in the wall of the abdomen

laparocolostomy

Something that is dormant; existing as a potential

latent

Pertaining to or toward the sides of the body; denoting a position farther from the median plane or midline of the structure

lateral

Awareness of the right and left sides of the body

laterality

Ability to influence the activities of others toward accomplishing sought outcomes

leadership

Condition of apathy or inactivity that results from repeatedly experiencing a lack of control over adversive life experiences

learned helplessness

Condition affecting persons of normal or above normal intellect characterized by specific difficulties in learning. Examples include dyslexia (difficulty in reading) and dysgraphia (difficulty in writing)

learning disability

Best possible environment for an individual with disabilities in which the individual is not unnecessarily controlled, preferably an environment shared with persons who are non-disabled

least restrictive environment

Visual acuity for a distance of 20/200 or less in the better eye with correcting lenses or a visual field of less than an angle of 20 degrees. Thus, the legally blind person can see no more at a distance of 20 feet than aperson with normal vision can see at 200 feet, or the person has an extremely narrow field of vision

legal blindness

Intrinsically motivated, self-determined experience allowing for a chosen level of mastery and competence that leads to feelings of self-efficacy, empowerment, excitement or enjoyment; having freedom to become

leisure

Practice model for therapeutic recreation originally developed by Carol Peterson and Scout Gunn that has as its goal developing the client’s leisure abilities

Leisure Ability Model

8-leisure domain, 7-level point scale designed to document leisure functioning and to measure recreation therapy outcomes

Leisure Competence Measure (LCM)

Helping process in which the counselor attempts to assist the client to discover and change leisure attitudes or behaviors. Various verbal and nonverbal techniques are utilized in a counseling setting to help the client cope effectively with leisure problems and concerns, make decisions and develop plans for future leisure participation, become self-aware regarding perceptions toward leisure, and explore options for leisure

leisure counseling

Collection of instruments to assess leisure functioning of persons with disabilities and persons without disabilities

Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB)

Female homosexuality

lesbianism

An injury or wound; any visible abnormality of skin tissues, such as a wound, sore, rash, or boil

lesion

Mental dullness or drowsiness

lethargy

Form of cancer that involves the blood-forming tissues of the bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes

leukemia

(1890-1947) German psychologist who emigrated to the United States where he studied leadership and group dynamics and developed field theory; known as the father of modern social psychology

Lewin, Kurt

Psychic drive or energy associated with the sexual instinct

libido

Permission granted to an individual or organization by a governmental agency to engage in a practice, occupation, or activity otherwise unlawful

license

Left

Laboratory

lab.

Lateral

lat.

Pound

lb.

Low birth weight

LBW

Learning disabled

Leisure Diagnostic Battery

LDB

Low density lipoprotein

LDL

Liquid

liq.

Left lower extremity

LLE

Left lower quadrant

LLQ

Loss of consciousness

LOC

Licensed Practical Nurse

L.P.N.

Left septum

Left upper extremity

LUE

Medical Doctor

M.D.

Minimum Data Set

MDS

Minimal effective dose

MED

Milligram

mg., mgm

Mental illness; myocardial infarction; mitral insufficiency

Minimum; minute

min.

Millimeter

mm.

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

MMPI

Moderate

mod.

Mental retardation

Multiple sclerosis

Master of Social Work

M.S.W.

Music therapy

M.T.