Quiz 7 Flashcards
A fat
lipid
Generalized belief people have about whether the causes of events in their lives are within or outside their control
locus of control
Lysergic acid diethylamide. A potent hallu- cinogen commonly called acid
LSD
Pertaining to the lower back; part of the body between the thorax and pelvis
lumbar
Five vertebrae of the spine in the region of the lower back, the strongest part of the spine
lumbar spine
Conviction that thinking equates with do- ing. Occurs in dreams with children, in primitive peoples, and in clients under a variety of conditions. Characterized by a lack of realistic relationship between cause and effect
magical thinking
Special technique for neurologic diagnosis; form of imaging that provides images of thin slices of the brain in any plane using nonionizing energy
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Helping people with disabilities to be integrated into typical settings so that they can function at their optimal level of independence
mainstreaming
Activity that is dysfunctional or counter-productive in coping effectively with stress
maladaptive behavior
Very dangerous; likely to cause death (e.g., cancer is a malignant tumor)
malignant
Simulation or exaggeration of an illness to avoid an unpleasant situation or duty or to obtain some type of personal gain
malingering
General term for any system of healthcare delivery organized to enhance cost-effectiveness. Managed care networks are providers that agree to provide services to those covered under a plan, usually organized by insurance carriers but may also be organized by hospitals or employers
managed care
Abnormally euphoric emotional state characterized by extreme excitement, excessive elation, hyperactivity, agitation, and accelerated thinking and speaking
mania
Uninterrupted meetings of twenty hours or more with a goal of breaking down defenses
marathon group
(1908-1970) Leading exponent of humanistic psychology closely associated with the concept of self-actualization and one’s needs hierarchy
Maslow, Abraham
Demonstrated ability to perform a given task
mastery
Achievement of sexual gratification by manual stimulation
masturbation
Near the midline of the body
medial
Joint federal and state health insurance program for a population of low-income persons, families with dependent children, and clients who are aged, blind, or disabled
Medicaid
Approval from a medical doctor for a patient or client to take part in an activity
medical clearance
Federal program to provide hospital and medical care for persons 65 years of age and older
Medicare
Technique that involves sitting comfortably in a quiet place for a few minutes one or two times each day while passively dwelling on a single word or sound (mantra)
meditation
Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System, a computerized literature retrieval system
MEDLARS
Part of the brainstem that contains control centers for such vital functions as breathing and heartbeat rate
medulla
Inflammation of the meninges covering the brain and spinal cord
meningitis
Menstruation; very profuse menstruation
menorrhea
Menstruation, the normal flow of blood from the female genital tract
menses
Significantly subnormal general intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior, evident at birth or manifested during childhood. Degrees
of mental retardation are commonly mea- sured in terms of IQ: mild (50-55 to 70); moderate (35-40 to 50-55); severe (20-25 to 35-40); profound (below 20-25)
mental retardation
Portion of the brainstem that plays an important part in vision, hearing, and muscle movement
midbrain
Psychiatric treatment approach that emphasizes socioenvironmental manipulations or the effect of the total environment on the client. It has usually been employed in psychiatric hospitals
milieu therapy
Mild neurological abnormality that may lead to learning difficulties
minimal brain damage
Basic assessment tracking form for nursing home resident assessment and care screening
Minimum Data Set (MDS)
Psychological instrument often administered to psychiatric patients; it provides a profile reflecting nine dimensions of personality
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Ability to move from one location to another
mobility
Activity used as an intervention for treatment or rehabilitation purposes
modality
Learning by watching the behavior of other persons; demonstration of a task, skill, or desirable behavior in order to teach another person
modeling
Philosophy and technique of treating mental patients that prevailed in the first half of the 19th Century and emphasized removal of restraints, humane and kindly care, attention to religion, and performance of purposeful activities; known as a forerunner of recreation therapy
moral therapy
Condition of illness, injury, or disability
morbidity
Death, usually with reference to large populations
mortality
Magnetic resonance imaging
MRI
Psychotherapy approach developed by Arnold A. Lazarus that uses a diverse range of treatment methods drawn from various sources
multimodal therapy
Rare and dramatic dissociative reaction in which a person has two or more distinctive personalities such as Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde or The Three Faces of Eve
multiple personality
Chronic, slowly progressive disease of the central nervous system that usually occurs between the ages of 20 and 35. It is unpredictable, often punctuated by remissions and exacerbations. Weakness of the extremities is the most common symptom of the disease; other symptoms include partial or complete paralysis of the body, a pricking sensation in parts of the body, numbness, defective vision, noticeable dragging of the feet, loss of control of bowels and bladder, poor balance, speech difficulties, weakness and fatigue, loss of coordination, and tremors of the hands
multiple sclerosis (MS)
Chronic, inherited disease of the muscles characterized by gradual weakening and degeneration of the voluntary muscles
muscular dystrophy
Professional discipline that uses music listening, participation and interpretation as a treatment modality
music therapy (MT)
Inflammation of the spinal cord
myelitis
Damage to the heart muscle (myocardium) that results from severe or prolonged blockage of blood supply to the tissue. Commonly termed a heart attack
myocardial infarction
Abnormal condition of skeletal muscle characterized by muscle weakness and wasting
myopathy
Nearsightedness
myopia
Self-love; preoccupation with self
narcissism
Drugs that relieve pain, act as sedatives, and may produce euphoria. These substances are also called opiates and usually lead to addiction with continued use
narcotics
National organization for family members of persons with mental illness
National Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI)
Begun in 1952, NART championed the use of recreation as a tool of treatment. In 1965, NART merged with other organizations to form the National Therapeutic Recreation Society
National Association of Recreation Therapists (NART)