Quiz 4 Flashcards by Amy Bruneau

Use of dance, movement and rhythmic activity as a medium for treatment or rehabilitation. It is a nonverbal means of expression employed with both individuals and groups

dance therapy

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Information

data

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Information obtained about a client’s past or present level of health during the assessment phase

database

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Psychiatric facility that offers therapeutic programs during daytime hours

day hospital

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Generalized weakness and lack of strength

debilitation

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Analysis following an activity which permits clients to think about their participation, to examine their feelings, and to discuss how they may use insights gained from the activity

debriefing

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Bedsore or pressure sore

decubitus ulcer

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Amount that the client must pay directly to the provider (usually each year) before the insurance plan begins to pay benefits

deductible

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Strategies that take place unconsciously to protect oneself from a threat to the integrity of the ego or to protect oneself against painful negative feelings. Examples include denial, sublimation and rationalization

defense mechanisms

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To remove water

dehydrate

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Excessive loss of water from body tissues

dehydration

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Change in mental health care from traditional, institutional care to the provision of community based services

deinstitutionalization

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Sensation or illusion that one is experiencing what one has experienced before

déjà vu

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Confused state of consciousness often characterized by delusions, hallucinations and illusions

delirium

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Delirium characterized by intense tremors, anxiety, hallucinations, and delusions suffered by alcoholics after withdrawal of alcohol but also occurring as a result of brain inflammation and senile psychosis.

delirium tremens

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Fixed false belief or conviction without foundation; often regarding one’s status (false belief of grandeur), persecution (false belief of persecution) or oversuspiciousness (paranoid false belief)

delusion

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Nonspecific but lasting deterioration of intellectual functioning characterized by failing memory, distractibility, impairment in judgment and abstraction, reduced language facility, alterations in mood and affect, and disturbance of orientation. Accompanied by changes in personality and ways of relating to others

dementia

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Defense mechanism by which a person avoids emotional conflicts or anxiety by refusing to acknowledge thoughts, feelings, desires, impulses and other factors that would cause intolerable pain

denial

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Organizational unit within an agency that may function as an independent unit or may be an aspect of another unit, division or service area

department

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Cabinet-level department of the U.S. government that contains units such as the Public Health Service, Administration on Aging, Social Security Administration, and National Institutes of Health

Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)

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Reliance on another (usually a helping professional) for psychological support

dependency

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Feelings of unreality or strangeness concerning either the environment, the self, or both

depersonalization

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Wide-range feeling running from unhappiness to extreme dejection. As a clinical syndrome it involves deep sadness or despair, feelings of worthlessness, morbid thinking and greatly reduced psychomotor activity

depression

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Perception of distance between the stimulus and the subject

depth perception

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Inflammation of the skin

dermatitis

Process of the removal of the toxic effects of a drug from the body

detoxification

Progressive increase in skill and capacity

development

Disability originating before age 18 that may be expected to continue for an indefinite period and that constitutes a substantial impairment. Include epilepsy, cerebral palsy, mental retardation and autism

developmental disability

Syndrome arising from an absolute or relative lack of body insulin; symptoms stem from excess glucose and include thirst, frequent urination and fatigue. In Type I (previously known as juvenile diabetes) there is little, if any, insulin being made by the body. In Type II there may be sufficient endogenous insulin but the body is unable to use it properly

diabetes mellitus

A person with diabetes caused by a deficiency of insulin being secreted by the islands of Langerhans

diabetic

Excessively high level of sugar in the blood resulting from insufficient insulin in the body

diabetic coma

American Psychiatric Association’s official classification of mental disorders, first published in 1952. DSM-IV was published in 1994. A revised version, DSM-IV-TR, with new statistical information, was published in 2000.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

Classification representing 23 major diagnostic categories that aggregates patients into case types based on diagnosis, age, sex, treatment procedures, and discharge status, predicting use of hospital resources and length of stay. It has been used as a basis for system of prospective payment under Medicare

diagnostic related groups (DRGs)

Process of separating or removing certain substances from the blood when the kidneys fail to perform their normal function

dialysis

Paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body (i.e., both arms or both legs)

diplegia

Double vision

diplopia

Awareness of and distinction between and among left, right, up, down, front, back, etc., in the world around one. Awareness of directional relationship in space

directionality

Physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of an individual’s life activities

disability

Outcome to be exhibited by the client upon discharge from the service or agency

discharge goal

Plan that summarizes the treatment or rehabilitation provided, the client’s response, current level of functioning, and recommendations for continued services or aftercare as necessary; used when client is discharged or services are discontinued

discharge plan

Literally, the lack of ease; a pathological condition in which physiologic or psychologic functions of the body deviate from what is considered to be normal

disease

Confused as to time, place, and person (the position of the self in relation to other persons); characteristic of organic mental disorders

disoriented

Defense mechanism in which emotions are transferred from the original person or object to a less formidable, or safer, target. It is the “kick the cat” defense

displacement

Farthest from the center, from the medial line, or from the trunk; opposed to proximal; far or distant from the origin or point of attachment

distal

Program of activities designed to divert attention from the client’s problems or concerns. Term may refer to activities to alleviate the boredom of the institutional routine, or to alleviate fear of hospitalization and illness, and to stimulate interest in getting well

diversional program

(1802-1887) Social reformer known for her work in improving prison conditions and care of persons with mental illness

Dix, Dorothea

Act of recording client assessments and in- terventions in the client’s chart. The chart is a permanent record that is considered a legal document and is audited to evaluate changes and quality of care

documentation

Pertaining to the back or posterior; directed toward or situated on the back surface

dorsal

Common type of mental retardation brought on by a congenital condition resulting from a chromosomal abnormality. At one time referred to as mongolism. Children are characterized by widely spaced and slanted eyes, a flat face, small ears and congenital anomalies of the heart

Down’s syndrome

Diagnostic related groups

DRGs

Use of a drug to obtain effects for which it is not prescribed

drug abuse

Condition characterized by an over-whelming desire to continue taking a drug to which one has become habituated through repeated use

drug addiction

Psychological or physiological reliance on a chemical agent

drug dependence

Delirium tremens

DTs

To indicate a client or patient has more than one major diagnosis; the most common is mental illness and substance abuse

dual diagnosis

Length of treatment or rehabilitation services, e.g., services will be provided for three weeks or until client goals are reached

duration

Two-person relationship

dyad

Unable to function normally

dysfunctional

Impairment in the ability to read

dyslexia

Difficulty in swallowing

dysphagia

Difficulty in comprehending oral language or in trying to express verbal language; the older term for aphasia

dysphasia

Behavior of persons who are not classifiable as antisocial personalities, but who are predatory and follow criminal pursuits. Formally termed sociopathic personalities

dyssocial behavior

Marked disturbances in eating behavior including anorexia nervosa and bulimia

eating disorders

Electrocardiogram or electrocardiograph

ECG or EKG

Automatic repetition of another person’s words or phrases

echolalia

Utilization of therapeutic approaches and techniques selected from various sources or theoretical orientations

eclectic approach

Study of the mutual relationship between people and their environment

ecology

Electroconvulsive therapy

ECT

Skin condition in which fluid is excreted through the skin

eczema

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercel- lular spaces in the tissues

edema

Electroencephalogram

EEG

Active process that can be used in any interpersonal transaction. It involves four major skills: attending, paraphrasing, clarifying, and perception checking

effective listening

Conveying away from a center

efferent

Having the desired influence or outcome

efficacy

Part of the psychoanalytic personality (along with the id and superego). It is the rational part that mediates between the id and superego

ego

Self-centered

egocentric

Concept from transactional analysis. The egogram is a visual representation of one’s personality using a bar graph to display the amount of energy emanating from the five functional ego states (Critical Parent, Nurturing Parent, Adult, Free Child, and Adapted Child)

egogram

Selfish person who seeks to satisfy his or her own interests at the expense of others

egoist

Concept of transactional analysis that states there are three structural ego states that represent distinct and independent levels of psychological functioning (the Parent, Adult, and Child)

ego states

Electrocardiogram or electrocardiograph

EKG or ECG

Tracing showing changes in electric potential produced by contractions of the heart and used to diagnose heart disease

electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)

Treatment used to combat depression and schizophrenia in psychiatric patients. An electric current is applied to the brain through electrodes on the scalp, causing convulsions. Sometimes termed electro- shock treatment (EST)

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Means of producing sperm by electrical stimulation from men with ejaculatory dysfunction

electro-ejaculation

Graphic record of the electrical activity of the brain

electroencephalogram (EEG)

“Running” (unauthorized departure) from a psychiatric treatment facility

elopement

State of being extremely thin

emaciation

Obstruction in a blood vessel caused by the presence of an embolus too large to pass through it (e.g., blood clot)

embolism

Any foreign matter, such as a blood clot or air bubble, carried in the blood stream

embolus

Vomiting

emesis

Ability to perceive the world from the client’s frame of reference or to put oneself in another’s place and understand his or her feelings and behaviors

empathy

Based on facts and experience rather than theory or philosophical principles; systematic observation and experiment

empirical

Inflammation of the brain

encephalitis

Involuntary passage of feces, usually during sleep at night

encopresis

Group whose major goals are awareness and genuineness. Concern is not so much with the transfer of learning but with the encounters among members. Sessions tend to be emotionally charged, dealing with feelings of love and aggression

encounter group

Functional Assessment of Characteristics in Therapeutic Recreation

FACTR

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

FAS

Fast blood sugar

FBS

Family history

FHx

Flexion; flexor

flex

Failure to thrive

FTT

Fracture

Global Assessment of Functioning

GAF

Gallon; gallons

gal

Gastrointestinal

Gram

Group

grp.

Galvanic skin response

GSR

Genitourinary

Gynecology

Gyn

Hour

h., hr.

Hemoglobin

Hb or Hgb

High blood pressure

HBP

Health Care Financing Administration

HCFA

Hematocrit

HCT

Head, ears, eyes, nose, throat

HEENT

Hemiplegia

hemi

Hemoglobin/Hematocrit

H/H

Home health care

HHC

Human immunodeficiency virus

HIV

Health maintenance organization

HMO

Hospital

hosp.

History present illness

HPI

Heart rate

Height

ht.

History