Quiz 8

Question 1

Within the female tract spermatozoa are lost and never reach the oviduct by several mechanisms. Name 2 of them.

Answer 1

1. phagocytosis by neutrophils

2. retrograde transport

Question 2

Where in the reproductive tract does sperm capacitation occur? What is capacitation? Why is it important?

Answer 2

Capacitation occurs in the uterus by estrogen in which the decapacitation coating on the sperm is removed so the sperm is capable of fertilizing the egg.

Question 3

True or False

Sperm that move in the female reproductive tract through rapid transport, are capable of fertilizing an oocyte.

Answer 3

False, Sustained

Question 4

True or False

Once sperms reach the uterine body, their motility pattern changes from linear to frenzied and dancing motion.

Answer 4

False, oviduct

Question 5

True or False
Sialomucin has a low viscosity and helps sperm forward movement whereas Sulfomucin has a high viscosity and washes sperm out of the tract

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True or False

In many species ZP1 and ZP2 are involved with initial binding (adhesion) of the sperm to the egg

Answer 6

False, ZP1 and ZP3

Question 7

True or False
Looking through a microscope, Dino observed an embryo with too many blastomeres to be counted. This embryo must have been in the blastocyst stage.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

True or False
Binding of the Egg surface protein (proacrosin) to the surface protein of the sperm (SP10) is essential for promotion of acrosome reaction

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Define: Syngamy

Answer 9

the fusion of the male pronucleus to the female pronucleus to create a zygote.

Question 10

Define: Zygote

Answer 10

the one celled embryo, forms from the male pronucleus and the female pronucleus fusing together

Question 11

When looking under a microscope, you see something unique that the embryo contained three pronuclei. What has occurred to the embryo and why?

Answer 11

Polyspermy because it is a possibility that the vitelline block didn’t react fast enough to cause the release of cortical granules to kill the other sperm before they entered.

Question 12

At what stage of embryo development once should recover the embryo for embryo transfer?

Answer 12

8-celled

Question 13

What is the best embryo stage for cloning?

Answer 13

blastocyst

Question 14

Name the two types of mucus produced by the cervix of the cow? Which one aids in sperm forward transport?

Answer 14

Sialomucin - aids in sperm forward transport

Sulfomucin

Question 15

An orderly fusion of the spermatozoal the inner and the outer acrosomal membrane that enables the release of acrosomal enzymes is called _____ reaction. The released enzymes namely, _____ and _____, is important for spermatozoa penetration through the protein layer surrounding the oocyte called _____.

Answer 15

acrosomal
hyaluronidase
acrosin
zona pellucida

Question 16

Where in the female reproductive tract does spermatozoa become hyperactive and what happens to the motility pattern?

Answer 16

Once sperms reach the oviduct, their motility pattern changes from linear to frenzied and dancing motion.

Question 17

What is the role of the ZP2 and ZP3 during the fertilization and sperm binding to the egg?

Answer 17

ZP2 - holds the sperm to the egg

ZP3 - sperm binding to the Zona Pellucida

Question 18

True or False

Decapacitation factor can be added to the sperm cells through the sperm maturation process in the epididymis

Answer 18

True

Question 19

True or False

The one cell embryo is called morula

Answer 19

False

Question 20

What is the vitelline membrane?

Answer 20

the membrane surrounding the oocyte

Question 21

What is SP10?

Answer 21

Surface Protein of sperm

Question 22

What is vesiculation?

Answer 22

Holes that develop at the points of fusion