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Bio 113 Lab > Quiz 8 > Flashcards

Quiz 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Why are plants important

A 
Agriculture
Aesthetics/Money
Infrastructure
Pharmaceuticals
Culture
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2
Q

First terrestrial plants

A

liverworts
marchantia
mosses

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3
Q

Lichens

A

symbiotic organsisms
asscociations of fungi and either green or cyanobacteria
live on trees, soil, ricks and manmade structures
provide protection for the photosynthetic organism and a structure support for gas exchange, secretes compimds that aid mineral absorption an provides protection from herbivores
mutualistic association
neither symbiont could survive alone

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4
Q

Different types of Lichens

A

Foliose
Fruticose
Crustose

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5
Q

Mycorrhizae

A

Symbiotic relationships between fungi and plant roots are called mycorrhizae

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6
Q

endomycorrhizae

A

fungus enters cells

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7
Q

ectomycorrhizae

A

fungi may surround the cells without penetrating them

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8
Q

ecotone

A

region where different ecosystems meet

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9
Q

Adaptations for life on land

A 
waxy outer layer (limits water loss)
Openings in epidermis  (Stomata) for gas exchange 
Multicelular reproductive organs
development of seeds and fruits 
wind or animal dispersed male gametes
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10
Q

Megaspore

A

becomes female gametophyte

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11
Q

Microspore

A

becomes male gametophyte

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12
Q

Vascular tissues

A

Xylem

Ploem

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13
Q

Xylem

A

water transport

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14
Q

Phloem

A

transport of products of photosynthesis

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15
Q

Nonvascular Plants

A 
do not have true roots, stems or leaves 
includes moses, liverworts, and hornworts
no xylem or phloem 
Gametophyte dominant reduced sporophyte 
Capsule contains spores
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16
Q

Nonseeded Vascular Plants

A 
All have transport tissue that move water, nutrients, and photosynthesis products between roots, stems, and leaves
Includes ferns 
wind-dispesred spores
sporophyte dominant
require water for fertilization
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17
Q

Phyllum of ferns

A

Pterophytes

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18
Q

Gametophyte

A

haploid plant that produces haploid gametes through Mitosis

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19
Q

Sporophyte

A

diploid plant that produces haploid spores through Meiosis

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20
Q

Gymnosperms

A

Naked seeds
wind transported pollen
heterosporous
non-motile sperm

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21
Q

Angiosperm

A 
Flowering plants
"Covered seeds" 
sporophyte dominant form
Pollination - Fertilization - Dispersal 
Double Fertilization
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22
Q

Double fertilization

A

One sperm fuses with the egg to form a 2n zygote
The other sperm nucleus fuses with 2 polr nuclei to form a polyploidy (3n or 5n) endosperm
Endosperm provides energy to the developing embryo

23
Q

Monocots

A

Grasses, lilies, orchids, palms looks like monkeys

leaves with parallel veins

24
Q

Dicot

A

Oaks, Bean, spinach, rose

25
Plant Tissues
``` Vascular Tissues Dermal Tissue (prevents injury and water loss) ```
26
Plant Organs and Functions
Roots Stems Leaves Flowers
27
Roots
anchor plant absorb/transport water and minerals store
28
Stems
transport water and nutrients | support leaves and flowers store
29
Leaves
gas exchange | Photosynthesis
30
Flowers
attract pollinators by scent and color | reproduction
31
Two types of Roots
Fibrous Root Systems | Tap Root System
32
Fibrous Root Systems
similar primary and secondary roots
33
Tap Root System
large primary root and small secondary roots
34
Shoots
Apical Meristem- mass of dividing cells at the tip of shoot Leaf Primordia- bulgs that flank the meristem Node- point on the stem where the leaf is attached Axillary Bud- a lateral bud
35
Eudicot Stem
Ring | leaves with netted or reticulate veins
36
Leaves
major light-capturing organs of most plants
37
Veins
(xylem and phloem) run through leaves
38
Dermal Tissue
Mostly epidermal cells - upper and lower epidermis | Stomata
39
Stomata
Gas exchange Humidity regulates opening and closing Guard cells Found mostly on the underside of the leaf
40
Flower
``` Be able to able flower parts: Ovule Ovary Stigma Style Filament Connective Anther Microsporangium Stamen Floral axis Articulation Pedicel Nectary ```
41
Fruit and Seed Dispersal
A fruit is a mature ovary a seed is a mature ovule Fruits often aid in the dispersal of their seeds
42
Four main morphological and developmental features
1. Type of body symmetry 2. Presence or absence of different tissue types (and organ if present) 3. Presence or absence of a true body cavity (Coelom) 4. Patterns of embryonic development
43
Types of symmetry
Asymmetrical Radial Bilateral
44
Asymmetrical
without symmetry irregularly shaped ex: sponges
45
Radial
parts radiate from the center like spokes on a wheel no left or right sides if cut
46
Bilateral
has a left and a right side | if you cut down the center two pieces are mirror images of each other
47
Tissues
Metazoa- all animals Divided into Parazoa -Porifera Eumetazoa
48
Parazoa
no specialized tissues or organs
49
Porifera
pore bearer sponges
50
Eumetazoa
more than one type of tissue and organs
51
Different Germ (Tissue) Layers that Develop in Embryos
Edoderm - yellow innermost layers Mesoderm - Blue middle layer Ectoderm- outermost layer
52
Classification Based on Germ Layers
Diploblastic - two layers, endoderm and ectoderm only | Triploblastic - three layers, endoderm, mesoderm and extoderm
53
Types of Body Cavities
Acoelomate- no true body cavity Pseudocoelomate- "false" body cavity not completely lined with mesoderm Coelomate- body cavity completely lined with mesodermal tissue
54
Embryonic Development
Protostome- blastopore becomes the mouth "first mouth" | Deuterostome- blastopore becomes the anus "second mouth"

Bio 113 Lab (9 decks)

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