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A&P 1 > Quiz 7 (final) > Flashcards

Quiz 7 (final) Flashcards

0
Q

Central nervous system includes (2)

A
  1. Brain

2. Spinal cord

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1
Q

Functions of nervous tissue (3)

A
  1. Sensory
  2. Interpretation
  3. Response
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2
Q

Peripheral nervous system includes (3)

A
  1. Somatic N.S.
  2. Autonomic N.S.
  3. Enteric N.S.
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3
Q

Is the somatic nervous system voluntary or involuntary?

A

Voluntary

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4
Q

Which branch of the PNS includes external senses, and responses to internal environment

A

Somatic N.S.

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5
Q

Is the Auntonomic N.S. Voluntary or involuntary

A

Involuntary

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6
Q

What are the two branches of the ANS

A
  1. Sympathetic

2. Parasympathetic

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7
Q

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system calms you down

A

Parasympathetic

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8
Q

Is the enteric nervous system voluntary or involuntary

A

Involuntary

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9
Q

What does the enteric nervous system run

A

Digestive system

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10
Q

Types of nerve cells (2)

A
  1. Neurons

2. Neuralgia

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11
Q

What nerve cell transmits electrical signals

A

Neurons

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12
Q

Sensory/afferent neurons are:

A

Sensory input

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13
Q

Motor/efferent neurons are:

A

Output

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14
Q

Neurons in the center (between sensory and motor)

A

Interneurons

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15
Q

Small masses of neuronal cell bodies located outside the brain and spinal cord

A

Ganglia

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16
Q

Contains nucleus, organelles

A

Cell body

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17
Q

Receiving end of the neuron

A

Dendrites

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18
Q

Carries impulses away from cell body to another neuron

A

Axons

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19
Q

End of axon

A

Axon terminal

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20
Q

Insulating protein

A

Myelin sheath

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21
Q

Gaps in myelin sheath

A

Node of ranvier

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22
Q

Site of communication between two neurons or between a neuron and another effector

A

Synapse

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23
Q

Vesicles in axon that store neurotransmitters

A

Synaptic vesicles

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24
Q

Crosses the gap between cells and triggers nerve impulses

A

Neurotransmitters

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25
Q

Produce myelin in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

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26
Q

Support neurons in the CNS; form blood brain barriers

A

Astrocytes

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27
Q

Produce myelin in CNS

A

Oligocendrocyte

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28
Q

What neuralgia makes myelin in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

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29
Q

Which neuralgia makes myelin in the CNS

A

Oligodendrocyte

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30
Q

3 things needed for a neuron to regenerate

A
  1. Cell body intact
  2. Myelin sheath intact
  3. In PNS
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31
Q

Process of making myelin; speeds up nerve impulses

A

Myelination

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32
Q

Auto immune disease that destroys myelin

A

MS

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33
Q

Loss of myelin or destruction of myelin sheath

A

Demyelination

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34
Q

Concentrated myelin covered axons

A

White matter

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35
Q

Cell bodies and dendrites

A

Gray matter

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36
Q

All or nothing effect; signal or no signal

A

Action potential

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37
Q

Enhances neurotransmitters

A

Agonist

38
Q

Inhibits neurotransmitters

A

Antagonist

39
Q

What process speeds up the impulse

A

Myelin sheath wrapped around axon

40
Q

What stage has a refractory period

A

Resting period

41
Q

Ions travel through them

A

Ion channel

42
Q

Gap between two cells

A

Synapse

43
Q

Crosses the gap between cells and trigger nerve impulse

A

Neurotransmitter

44
Q

End of the spinal cord; between L1-L2

A

Conus medullaris

45
Q

Runs between the dura mater and the more superficial ligamentum flavum

A

Epideral space

46
Q

Extension of the pia mater to anchor the spinal cord to the coccyx

A

Filum terminal

47
Q

Roots of the lower spinal nerves (horses tail)

A

Cauda equine

48
Q

Location and length of adult spinal cord

A

Base of skull to L2

49
Q

End of spinal cord is called

A

Conus medullaris

50
Q

Where does the spinal cord end

A

L2

51
Q

Sensory information travels in which direction

A

Up

52
Q

Motor information travels in which direction

A

Down

53
Q

Meninges (3)

A
  1. Dura mater
  2. Arachnoid mater
  3. Pia mater
54
Q

Which space contains CSF

A

Subarachnoid space (SAS)

55
Q

How do spinal nerves attach to the spinal cord

A

Roots

56
Q

Contains cell bodies of sensory neurons

A

Posterior roots

57
Q

Contain axons of motor neurons

A

Anterior roots

58
Q

Where cell bodies of sensory neurons are bundled

A

Dorsal root ganglion

59
Q

Location of a lumbar puncture

A

L3-L4

60
Q

Inflammation of the meninges

A

Meningitis

61
Q

Above dura mater

A

Epidural

62
Q

Outside of spinal cord; inside of brain (myelinated axons)

A

White matter

63
Q

Inside of spinal cord; outside of brain (dendrites and cell body)

A

Gray matter

64
Q

Has CSF

A

Central canal

65
Q

Bundle of neuronal axons; neurons traveling to different places bundled

A

Tract

66
Q

From part of spine to the brain

A

Spinothalamic tract

67
Q

From cortex to spine

A

Corticospinal tract

68
Q

More tracts; external sensory

A

Dorsal columns

69
Q

Map that tells what part of the body serves what spinal nerve

A

Dermatome

70
Q

Paralysis of all 4 limbs

A

Quadriplegia

71
Q

Paralysis of lower limbs

A

Paraplegia

72
Q

Paths of communication between the spinal cord and specific regions of body

A

Spinal nerves

73
Q

Cluster of nerves; swap fibers

A

Plexus

74
Q

Cervical plexus is located

A

C1-C5

75
Q

Keep diaphragm alive

A

Phrenic

76
Q

Brachial plexus is located

A

C5-T1

77
Q

Branches of the brachial plexus (3)

A
  1. Ancillary
  2. Radial/Ulnar
  3. Median
78
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

79
Q

Radial/ulnar

A

Lateral and medial side of forearm

80
Q

Median

A

Middle of forearm

81
Q

Lumbosacral is located

A

L1-L4

82
Q

Branches of lumbosacral (2)

A
  1. Sciatic

2. Femoral

83
Q

Sciatic

A

Lower half of leg

84
Q

Femoral

A

Femur

85
Q

Paralysis of the arm (most often occurs as an infants head and neck are delivered)

A

Erb’s palsy

86
Q

Median nerve injury seen in people who perform repetitive motions

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

87
Q

Ulnar nerve

A

Funny bone

88
Q

Fast, involuntary response to a stimulus

A

Reflex

89
Q

When the leg extends in response to stretch of the patellar tendon

A

Patellar reflex

90
Q

Contraction of the calf when a force is applied to the Achilles’ tendon

A

Achilles reflex

91
Q

Flexing or curling big toe when sole of foot is stimulated

A

Babinski reflex

92
Q

Quick rapid response to withdraw from pain

A

Withdrawal reflex

93
Q

Steps of reflex arc (5)

A
  1. Sensory receptor
  2. Sensory neuron
  3. Integrating center
  4. Motor neuron
  5. Effector

A&P 1 (7 decks)

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