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A&P 1 > Quiz 7 (final) > Flashcards

Quiz 7 (final) Flashcards

0
Q

Central nervous system includes (2)

A
  1. Brain

2. Spinal cord

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1
Q

Functions of nervous tissue (3)

A
  1. Sensory
  2. Interpretation
  3. Response
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2
Q

Peripheral nervous system includes (3)

A
  1. Somatic N.S.
  2. Autonomic N.S.
  3. Enteric N.S.
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3
Q

Is the somatic nervous system voluntary or involuntary?

A

Voluntary

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4
Q

Which branch of the PNS includes external senses, and responses to internal environment

A

Somatic N.S.

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5
Q

Is the Auntonomic N.S. Voluntary or involuntary

A

Involuntary

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6
Q

What are the two branches of the ANS

A
  1. Sympathetic

2. Parasympathetic

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7
Q

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system calms you down

A

Parasympathetic

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8
Q

Is the enteric nervous system voluntary or involuntary

A

Involuntary

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9
Q

What does the enteric nervous system run

A

Digestive system

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10
Q

Types of nerve cells (2)

A
  1. Neurons

2. Neuralgia

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11
Q

What nerve cell transmits electrical signals

A

Neurons

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12
Q

Sensory/afferent neurons are:

A

Sensory input

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13
Q

Motor/efferent neurons are:

A

Output

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14
Q

Neurons in the center (between sensory and motor)

A

Interneurons

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15
Q

Small masses of neuronal cell bodies located outside the brain and spinal cord

A

Ganglia

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16
Q

Contains nucleus, organelles

A

Cell body

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17
Q

Receiving end of the neuron

A

Dendrites

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18
Q

Carries impulses away from cell body to another neuron

A

Axons

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19
Q

End of axon

A

Axon terminal

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20
Q

Insulating protein

A

Myelin sheath

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21
Q

Gaps in myelin sheath

A

Node of ranvier

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22
Q

Site of communication between two neurons or between a neuron and another effector

A

Synapse

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23
Q

Vesicles in axon that store neurotransmitters

A

Synaptic vesicles

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24
Crosses the gap between cells and triggers nerve impulses
Neurotransmitters
25
Produce myelin in the PNS
Schwann cells
26
Support neurons in the CNS; form blood brain barriers
Astrocytes
27
Produce myelin in CNS
Oligocendrocyte
28
What neuralgia makes myelin in the PNS
Schwann cells
29
Which neuralgia makes myelin in the CNS
Oligodendrocyte
30
3 things needed for a neuron to regenerate
1. Cell body intact 2. Myelin sheath intact 3. In PNS
31
Process of making myelin; speeds up nerve impulses
Myelination
32
Auto immune disease that destroys myelin
MS
33
Loss of myelin or destruction of myelin sheath
Demyelination
34
Concentrated myelin covered axons
White matter
35
Cell bodies and dendrites
Gray matter
36
All or nothing effect; signal or no signal
Action potential
37
Enhances neurotransmitters
Agonist
38
Inhibits neurotransmitters
Antagonist
39
What process speeds up the impulse
Myelin sheath wrapped around axon
40
What stage has a refractory period
Resting period
41
Ions travel through them
Ion channel
42
Gap between two cells
Synapse
43
Crosses the gap between cells and trigger nerve impulse
Neurotransmitter
44
End of the spinal cord; between L1-L2
Conus medullaris
45
Runs between the dura mater and the more superficial ligamentum flavum
Epideral space
46
Extension of the pia mater to anchor the spinal cord to the coccyx
Filum terminal
47
Roots of the lower spinal nerves (horses tail)
Cauda equine
48
Location and length of adult spinal cord
Base of skull to L2
49
End of spinal cord is called
Conus medullaris
50
Where does the spinal cord end
L2
51
Sensory information travels in which direction
Up
52
Motor information travels in which direction
Down
53
Meninges (3)
1. Dura mater 2. Arachnoid mater 3. Pia mater
54
Which space contains CSF
Subarachnoid space (SAS)
55
How do spinal nerves attach to the spinal cord
Roots
56
Contains cell bodies of sensory neurons
Posterior roots
57
Contain axons of motor neurons
Anterior roots
58
Where cell bodies of sensory neurons are bundled
Dorsal root ganglion
59
Location of a lumbar puncture
L3-L4
60
Inflammation of the meninges
Meningitis
61
Above dura mater
Epidural
62
Outside of spinal cord; inside of brain (myelinated axons)
White matter
63
Inside of spinal cord; outside of brain (dendrites and cell body)
Gray matter
64
Has CSF
Central canal
65
Bundle of neuronal axons; neurons traveling to different places bundled
Tract
66
From part of spine to the brain
Spinothalamic tract
67
From cortex to spine
Corticospinal tract
68
More tracts; external sensory
Dorsal columns
69
Map that tells what part of the body serves what spinal nerve
Dermatome
70
Paralysis of all 4 limbs
Quadriplegia
71
Paralysis of lower limbs
Paraplegia
72
Paths of communication between the spinal cord and specific regions of body
Spinal nerves
73
Cluster of nerves; swap fibers
Plexus
74
Cervical plexus is located
C1-C5
75
Keep diaphragm alive
Phrenic
76
Brachial plexus is located
C5-T1
77
Branches of the brachial plexus (3)
1. Ancillary 2. Radial/Ulnar 3. Median
78
Axillary
Armpit
79
Radial/ulnar
Lateral and medial side of forearm
80
Median
Middle of forearm
81
Lumbosacral is located
L1-L4
82
Branches of lumbosacral (2)
1. Sciatic | 2. Femoral
83
Sciatic
Lower half of leg
84
Femoral
Femur
85
Paralysis of the arm (most often occurs as an infants head and neck are delivered)
Erb's palsy
86
Median nerve injury seen in people who perform repetitive motions
Carpal tunnel syndrome
87
Ulnar nerve
Funny bone
88
Fast, involuntary response to a stimulus
Reflex
89
When the leg extends in response to stretch of the patellar tendon
Patellar reflex
90
Contraction of the calf when a force is applied to the Achilles' tendon
Achilles reflex
91
Flexing or curling big toe when sole of foot is stimulated
Babinski reflex
92
Quick rapid response to withdraw from pain
Withdrawal reflex
93
Steps of reflex arc (5)
1. Sensory receptor 2. Sensory neuron 3. Integrating center 4. Motor neuron 5. Effector

A&P 1 (7 decks)

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