Quiz 5 (final) Flashcards
0
Q
C.T. that stitches one muscle to another
A
Fascia
1
Q
Muscle to bone
A
Tendons
2
Q
Thick fascia that connects one muscle to another end to end
A
Aponeurosis
3
Q
Plasma membrane
A
Sarcolemma
4
Q
Cytoplasm of muscle cell
A
Sarcoplasm
5
Q
Fibers that cause muscles to contract
A
Myofibril
6
Q
Contracting unit
A
Sarcomere
7
Q
Something to do with muscles
A
Sarco
8
Q
Thin filament
A
Actin
9
Q
Thick filament
A
Myosin
10
Q
Sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction (4)
A
- ATP hydrolysis: gets cut
- Attachment: myosin attaches with actin
- Power Stroke: pulls
- Detachment: let’s go
11
Q
If not present ATP can’t hydrolize
A
Calcium
12
Q
Energy for muscle contractions
A
ATP
13
Q
What ion triggers release of the neurotransmitter
A
Calcium
14
Q
What is the neurotransmitter
A
Acetylcholine
15
Q
Enzyme that breaks down Acetycholine after a short period of time
A
Acetylcholinesterase
16
Q
Sources of muscle energy (4)
A
- Stored ATP
- Creatine phosphate
- Aerobic ATP production
- Anaerobic glucose use
17
Q
Lack of oxygen in muscles makes this
A
Lactic acid
18
Q
Oxygen debt; amount of oxygen repayment after exercise in skeletal muscles
A
EPOC
19
Q
Only neurotransmitter that goes from nerves to muscles
A
Acetylcholine
20
Q
Means oxygen
A
Aerobic
21
Q
Lack of oxygen
A
Anaerobic
22
Q
How fine it controls
A
Precision
23
Q
One motor nerve plus all muscle cells it controls
A
Motor unit
24
Fewer muscle fibers per neuron (e.g. voice box and eyes)
High precision
25
Many muscle fibers per neuron (e.g. thigh muscles)
Low precision
26
Chronic painful disorder that affects fibrous C.T. of muscles, tendons and ligaments
Fibromyalgia
27
Enlargement of muscle fibers
Muscular hypertrophy
28
Increase in number of fibers
Muscular hyperplasia
29
Wasting away of muscles
Muscular atrophy
30
Fibrous scar tissue replacing muscle fibers
Muscular fibrosis
31
Contraction and relaxation of muscle cell
Twitch
32
Continued contractions
Tetanus
33
Pulling in more muscle cells to get more contraction and work
Recruitment
34
Small groups of muscle cells contracted at all times
Muscle tone
35
Decreased or lost muscle tone
Hypotonia
36
Increased or to much muscle tone
Hypertonia
37
Hold something in place (no mvmt.)
Isometric contraction
38
Set something down
Eccentric contraction
39
Lift something
Concentric contraction
40
Sudden involuntary movement (painless)
Muscle spasm
41
Long continued contraction (painful)
Muscle cramp
42
Autoimmune disease damages neuromuscular junction
Myasthenia gravis
43
Genetic muscle destroying of muscle fibers
Muscular dystrophy
44
Attachment of muscles tendon to the stationary bone ( part that doesn't move)
Origin
45
What end moves
Insertion
46
Muscle primarily responsible for desired movement
Agonist
47
Muscles that work together
Synergist
48
Opposite functions
Antagonist
49
Muscle to muscle
Ligament
50
Palm side of hand, thumb side
Thenar
51
Palm side of hand, pinky side
Hypothenar
52
Occipitofrontalis (location and function)
Occipital bone to frontal bone; raises eyebrows and wrinkles forehead
53
Orbicularis oculi ( location and function )
Circle around eyes ; closes eyes
54
Orbicularis oris ( location and function )
Around mouth; close mouth and protrude lips
55
Buccinator (location and function)
Cheeks; cheeks against teeth while eating, whistling, blowing and sucking
56
Zygomaticus major (location and function)
Cheek bones; smiling
57
Levator palpebrae superioris (location and function)
Eyelids; elevates upper eyelids
58
Platysma (location and function)
Lower jaw; pulls jaw open
59
Temporalis (location and function)
Side of head; close mouth, chewing
60
Masseter (location and function)
Side of head; close mouth and chewing
61
Sternocleidomastoid (location and function)
In the neck; flex or rotate head
62
Intercostals (location and function)
Between ribs; forced inhale and exhale
63
Diaphragm (location and function)
Muscle of breathing; breathing
64
Rectus abdominis (function)
Flex abdomen
65
External oblique ( function)
Flex spine to the side
66
Internal oblique (function)
Flex spine to the side
67
Transversus (location and function)
All across side and front of abdomen; sucks your gut in
68
Pectoralis major (location and function)
Chest muscles; rotate arms
69
Trapezius (location and function)
Base of skull to bottom of thoracic vertebrae; raise or lower shoulders, lifts up head
70
Rotator cuff (location and function)
Shoulder; rotation of arm
71
Latissimus dorsi (location and function)
Lower part of back and underarm; rotate shoulder
72
Deltoid (location and function)
Front of shoulder; raise arm up
73
Biceps brachii (location and function)
Upper arm; flexes at elbow
74
Brachioradialis (location and function)
Forearm; flex elbow with bicep, rolls hand back and forth
75
Triceps brachii (location and function)
Upper arm; opposite of biceps
76
Gluteal group (location and function)
Butt; abducting thigh and rotate
77
Iliopsoas (location and function)
Front of thigh; flex thigh at hip joint
78
Adductor group (location and function)
Inner thigh; adduct leg and thigh, rotate the hip
79
Hamstring group (location and function)
Back of thigh; flex the knee
80
Quadriceps group (location and function)
Front of thigh; straighten out knee joint
81
Sartorius (location and function)
Hip; flex and rotate hip
82
Tibialis anterior (location and function)
Front of tibia; pull foot up
83
Flexor/extensor digitorum (location and function)
Lower leg/down front other toes; move toes
84
Flexor/extensor hallucis (location and function)
Big toes; move toes
85
Gastrocnemius ( location and function)
Calf; point toes, flex ankle
86
Soleus (location and function )
Calf; point toe flex ankle
