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PNS quizzes > quiz 7: eye > Flashcards

quiz 7: eye Flashcards

1
Q

what is it derived from

A

ectoderm

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2
Q

what makes up the neuroectoderm of the forebrain

A

retina and pigmented structures

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3
Q

what makes up the surface ectoderm

A

lens and cornea

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4
Q

what makes up the neural crest mesenchyme

A

sclera

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5
Q

how many tunics is it made of

A

3

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6
Q

which tunic is outermost

A

fibrous

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7
Q

what is the fibrous tunic made of

A

sclera and cornea

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8
Q

how is the sclera described

A

thick, dense, firm, opaque

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9
Q

what is the function of sclera

A

maintains shape if pressure inside eye increases

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10
Q

what passes through the sclera

A

blood vessels and neurons

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11
Q

the sclera transitions to the cornea at the

A

limbus

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12
Q

the sclera is continuous with what CN

A

II

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13
Q

what is the primary refractory part of the eyeball

A

cornea

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14
Q

what are the layers of the cornea

A

corneal epithelium, anterior limiting lamina, substantial própria, posterior limiting lamina, endothelium

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15
Q

what cornel layer is continuous with the conjunctiva

A

corneal epithelium

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16
Q

what corneal layer is the largest part

A

substantia propria

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17
Q

what corneal layer covers the inside surface of the cornea and lines the iridocorneal layer

A

endothelium

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18
Q

what is the vascular tunic made of

A

choroid, ciliary body and iris

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19
Q

where is the choroid firmly attached

A

where the optic nerve penetrates the sclera

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20
Q

what is the function of the choroid

A

it’s dark so it limits the passage of light

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21
Q

what is continuous with the choroid to the posterior and the iris to the anterior

A

ciliary body

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22
Q

what are the functions of the ciliary body

A

suspends the lens, produces aqueous fluid, produces GAGs

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23
Q

what does the ciliary body contain

A

ciliary muscle

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24
Q

what divides the anterior segment into an anterior and posterior chamber

A

iris

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25
Q

what muscles does the iris contain

A

sphincter and dilator pupillae

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26
Q

which iris muscle is arranged circumferentially

A

sphincter pupillae

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27
Q

which iris muscle is innervated by parasympathetic fibers

A

sphincter pupillae

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28
Q

which iris muscle is arranged radially

A

dilator pupillae

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29
Q

which iris muscle is innervated by sympathetic fibers

A

dilator pupillae

30
Q

what layer of the eye is an outgrowth of diencephalon

A

nervous tunic/ retina

31
Q

what does the retina contact internally

A

vitreous body

32
Q

what does the retina contact externally

A

choroid

33
Q

what are the 10 layers of the retina

A

pigmented layer, rods and cones, ELM, outer nuclear, outer plexiform, inner nuclear, ganglion cells, nerve fiber, ILM

34
Q

what are the 5 cells involved with the vision pathway

A

photoreceptors, inner muscle layer cells, ganglionic layer cells, lateral geniculate body, brodmann area 17

35
Q

where does the optic nerve attach to the eyeball

A

optic disc

36
Q

are there photoreceptors in the optic disc

A

no

37
Q

what is the point of clearest vision

A

macula lutea

38
Q

what are the only photoreceptors found in the macula lutea

A

cones

39
Q

what are the refractory components of the eyeball

A

cornea, aqueous humor, lens and vitreous body

40
Q

what is aqueous humor secreted by

A

ciliary processes

41
Q

where is aqueous humor found

A

posterior aspect of the ciliary body, in the posterior chamber

42
Q

where does aqueous humor travel through

A

scleral venous sinus

43
Q

what is presbyopia

A

the lens getting harder with age

44
Q

what is cataracts

A

lens becomes less transparent

45
Q

where is vitreous body

A

posterior segment

46
Q

describe vitreous body

A

gelatinous and transparent

47
Q

what contained the fetal artery

A

hyaloid canal

48
Q

what are the extra ocular muscles

A

SR, IR, MR, LR, SO, IO

49
Q

where are lacrimal glands located

A

superolateral to the eyeball

50
Q

tears are carried to the surface of the eye via

A

excretory ducts

51
Q

where are lacrimal ducts located

A

below and medial to the eyeball

52
Q

what is the function of lacrimal ducts

A

drain tears into the lacrimal sac

53
Q

where is the lacrimal sac found

A

between the lacrimal bone and maxilla

54
Q

what is the most superior part of the nasolacrimal duct

A

lacrimal sac

55
Q

what is the function of the nasolacrimal duct

A

drains tears from the lacrimal sac into the inferior nasal meatus

56
Q

what are tarsal glands

A

modified sebaceous glands that secrete an oily substance prevents tears from drying

57
Q

what arteries supply the eyeball

A

branches of the ophthalmic artery

58
Q

where does the ciliary artery run between

A

the sclera and choroid

59
Q

6-12 short ciliary arteries enter the eye on the posterior surface forming a

A

ring around the optic nerve

60
Q

how many ciliary arteries go over and under the eyeball

A

6-8

61
Q

how does the central retinal artery travel

A

via the optic nerve

62
Q

what is the only artery that supplies the retina

A

central retinal artery

63
Q

what CNs supply the eyeball

A

2, 3, 4, 5 and 6

64
Q

what do long ciliary nerves supply

A

ciliary body, iris, and cornea

65
Q

what do short ciliary nerves supply

A

the rest of the eyeball

66
Q

where do postgang sym fibers come from

A

cavernous plexus

67
Q

what ganglion do postgang sym fibers come from

A

superior cervical ganglion

68
Q

what does the postgang sym fibers reach

A

ciliaris and dilator pupillae

69
Q

what nuclei do the postgang parasympathetic fibers come from

A

accessory oculomotor nuclei

70
Q

what ganglion do postgang parasympathetic fibers come from

A

ciliary ganglion

71
Q

were do postgang parasympathetic fibers reach

A

ciliaris and dilator pupillae

PNS quizzes (7 decks)

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