quiz 7: eye

Question 1

what is it derived from

Answer 1

ectoderm

Question 2

what makes up the neuroectoderm of the forebrain

Answer 2

retina and pigmented structures

Question 3

what makes up the surface ectoderm

Answer 3

lens and cornea

Question 4

what makes up the neural crest mesenchyme

Answer 4

sclera

Question 5

how many tunics is it made of

Answer 5

3

Question 6

which tunic is outermost

Answer 6

fibrous

Question 7

what is the fibrous tunic made of

Answer 7

sclera and cornea

Question 8

how is the sclera described

Answer 8

thick, dense, firm, opaque

Question 9

what is the function of sclera

Answer 9

maintains shape if pressure inside eye increases

Question 10

what passes through the sclera

Answer 10

blood vessels and neurons

Question 11

the sclera transitions to the cornea at the

Answer 11

limbus

Question 12

the sclera is continuous with what CN

Answer 12

II

Question 13

what is the primary refractory part of the eyeball

Answer 13

cornea

Question 14

what are the layers of the cornea

Answer 14

corneal epithelium, anterior limiting lamina, substantial própria, posterior limiting lamina, endothelium

Question 15

what cornel layer is continuous with the conjunctiva

Answer 15

corneal epithelium

Question 16

what corneal layer is the largest part

Answer 16

substantia propria

Question 17

what corneal layer covers the inside surface of the cornea and lines the iridocorneal layer

Answer 17

endothelium

Question 18

what is the vascular tunic made of

Answer 18

choroid, ciliary body and iris

Question 19

where is the choroid firmly attached

Answer 19

where the optic nerve penetrates the sclera

Question 20

what is the function of the choroid

Answer 20

it’s dark so it limits the passage of light

Question 21

what is continuous with the choroid to the posterior and the iris to the anterior

Answer 21

ciliary body

Question 22

what are the functions of the ciliary body

Answer 22

suspends the lens, produces aqueous fluid, produces GAGs

Question 23

what does the ciliary body contain

Answer 23

ciliary muscle

Question 24

what divides the anterior segment into an anterior and posterior chamber

Answer 24

iris

Question 25

what muscles does the iris contain

Answer 25

sphincter and dilator pupillae

Question 26

which iris muscle is arranged circumferentially

Answer 26

sphincter pupillae

Question 27

which iris muscle is innervated by parasympathetic fibers

Answer 27

sphincter pupillae

Question 28

which iris muscle is arranged radially

Answer 28

dilator pupillae

Question 29

which iris muscle is innervated by sympathetic fibers

Answer 29

dilator pupillae

Question 30

what layer of the eye is an outgrowth of diencephalon

Answer 30

nervous tunic/ retina

Question 31

what does the retina contact internally

Answer 31

vitreous body

Question 32

what does the retina contact externally

Answer 32

choroid

Question 33

what are the 10 layers of the retina

Answer 33

pigmented layer, rods and cones, ELM, outer nuclear, outer plexiform, inner nuclear, ganglion cells, nerve fiber, ILM

Question 34

what are the 5 cells involved with the vision pathway

Answer 34

photoreceptors, inner muscle layer cells, ganglionic layer cells, lateral geniculate body, brodmann area 17

Question 35

where does the optic nerve attach to the eyeball

Answer 35

optic disc

Question 36

are there photoreceptors in the optic disc

Answer 36

no

Question 37

what is the point of clearest vision

Answer 37

macula lutea

Question 38

what are the only photoreceptors found in the macula lutea

Answer 38

cones

Question 39

what are the refractory components of the eyeball

Answer 39

cornea, aqueous humor, lens and vitreous body

Question 40

what is aqueous humor secreted by

Answer 40

ciliary processes

Question 41

where is aqueous humor found

Answer 41

posterior aspect of the ciliary body, in the posterior chamber

Question 42

where does aqueous humor travel through

Answer 42

scleral venous sinus

Question 43

what is presbyopia

Answer 43

the lens getting harder with age

Question 44

what is cataracts

Answer 44

lens becomes less transparent

Question 45

where is vitreous body

Answer 45

posterior segment

Question 46

describe vitreous body

Answer 46

gelatinous and transparent

Question 47

what contained the fetal artery

Answer 47

hyaloid canal

Question 48

what are the extra ocular muscles

Answer 48

SR, IR, MR, LR, SO, IO

Question 49

where are lacrimal glands located

Answer 49

superolateral to the eyeball

Question 50

tears are carried to the surface of the eye via

Answer 50

excretory ducts

Question 51

where are lacrimal ducts located

Answer 51

below and medial to the eyeball

Question 52

what is the function of lacrimal ducts

Answer 52

drain tears into the lacrimal sac

Question 53

where is the lacrimal sac found

Answer 53

between the lacrimal bone and maxilla

Question 54

what is the most superior part of the nasolacrimal duct

Answer 54

lacrimal sac

Question 55

what is the function of the nasolacrimal duct

Answer 55

drains tears from the lacrimal sac into the inferior nasal meatus

Question 56

what are tarsal glands

Answer 56

modified sebaceous glands that secrete an oily substance prevents tears from drying

Question 57

what arteries supply the eyeball

Answer 57

branches of the ophthalmic artery

Question 58

where does the ciliary artery run between

Answer 58

the sclera and choroid

Question 59

6-12 short ciliary arteries enter the eye on the posterior surface forming a

Answer 59

ring around the optic nerve

Question 60

how many ciliary arteries go over and under the eyeball

Answer 60

6-8

Question 61

how does the central retinal artery travel

Answer 61

via the optic nerve

Question 62

what is the only artery that supplies the retina

Answer 62

central retinal artery

Question 63

what CNs supply the eyeball

Answer 63

2, 3, 4, 5 and 6

Question 64

what do long ciliary nerves supply

Answer 64

ciliary body, iris, and cornea

Question 65

what do short ciliary nerves supply

Answer 65

the rest of the eyeball

Question 66

where do postgang sym fibers come from

Answer 66

cavernous plexus

Question 67

what ganglion do postgang sym fibers come from

Answer 67

superior cervical ganglion

Question 68

what does the postgang sym fibers reach

Answer 68

ciliaris and dilator pupillae

Question 69

what nuclei do the postgang parasympathetic fibers come from

Answer 69

accessory oculomotor nuclei

Question 70

what ganglion do postgang parasympathetic fibers come from

Answer 70

ciliary ganglion

Question 71

were do postgang parasympathetic fibers reach

Answer 71

ciliaris and dilator pupillae