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PNS quizzes > Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

what does it supply

A

upper extremities

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2
Q

what is it formed by

A

anterior primary rami of C5-T1

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3
Q

it can also receive fibers from

A

C4 and/or T2

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4
Q

where does it travel

A

laterally over rib 1, into the axilla; medial to lateral

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5
Q

roots combine into

A

trunks

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6
Q

trunks divide into

A

divisions

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7
Q

divisions combine to form

A

cords

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8
Q

cords divide into

A

terminal nerves

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9
Q

each root receives a ____ from the sympathetic trunk

A

gray rams communicans

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10
Q

what muscles do the roots pass between

A

anterior and middle scalene into the posterior triangle

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11
Q

roots are posterior and superior to the ___

A

subclavian artery

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12
Q

roots of C5 and C6 combine to form the

A

superior trunk

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13
Q

roots of C7 forms the

A

middle trunk

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14
Q

roots of C8 and T1 combine to form the

A

inferior trunk

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15
Q

trunks pass over rib 1 into the

A

axilla

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16
Q

each trunk splits into an

A

anterior and posterior division

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17
Q

anterior divisions will supply

A

anterior compartments

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18
Q

what do the posterior divisions supply

A

posterior compartments of the arm and forearm

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19
Q

cords are named in relationship to the

A

axillary artery

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20
Q

what is the lateral cord formed by

A

anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks

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21
Q

the lateral cords contains fibers from

A

C5-C7

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22
Q

what does the lateral cord lie lateral to

A

second part of the axillary artery

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23
Q

what is the medial cord formed by

A

anterior division of the inferior trunk

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24
Q

the medial cord contains fibers from

A

C8-T1

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25
Q

what does the medial cord lie medial to

A

second part of the axillary artery

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26
Q

what is the posterior cord formed by

A

union of the posterior division of all 3 trunks

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27
Q

the posterior cord contains fibers from

A

C5-T1

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28
Q

what does the posterior cord lie posterior to

A

second part of the axillary artery

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29
Q

roots of the dorsal scapular nerve

A

C5

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30
Q

what muscles does the dorsal scapular nerve supply

A

levator scapula, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor

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31
Q

what supplies the elevator scapula

A

C5 and C3-C4

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32
Q

what forms the long thoracic nerve

A

C5-C7

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33
Q

what muscle does the long thoracic nerve supply

A

serratus anterior

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34
Q

what nerves are formed from the roots of the brachial plexus

A

dorsal scapular and long thoracic

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35
Q

what nerves are formed from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus

A

supra scapular and nerve to the subclavius

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36
Q

what fibers form the suprascapular nerve

A

C5-C6

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37
Q

what does the suprascapular nerve supply

A

supraspinatus and infraspinatus

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38
Q

what fibers form the nerve to the subclavius

A

C5-C6

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39
Q

what muscle does the nerve to the subclavius supply

A

subclavius

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40
Q

what nerves are formed from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus

A

lateral pectoral and musculocutaneous

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41
Q

what fibers form the lateral pectoral nerve

A

C5-C7

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42
Q

what muscle does the lateral pectoral nerve supply

A

pectorals major- also supplied by medial pectoral nerve

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43
Q

what fibers form the musculocutaneous nerve

A

C5-C7

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44
Q

what muscles does the musculocutaneous nerve supply

A

coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and the brachialis

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45
Q

what nerve pierces the belly of the coracobrachialis

A

coracobrachialis

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46
Q

the musculocutaneous nerve travels into the forearm to form the

A

lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

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47
Q

what does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm supply

A

skin over the lateral aspect of the forearm

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48
Q

what nerves are from the medial cord of the brachial plexus

A

medial pectoral, medial cutaneous nerve of the arm, medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm, ulnar nerve and median nerve

49
Q

what fibers form the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm

A

C8-T1

50
Q

what does the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm supply

A

skin of the medial arm between the axilla and the elbow

51
Q

the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm also receives some fibers from T2 through a communication with the

A

intercostobrachial nerve

52
Q

what fibers form the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm

A

C8-T1

53
Q

the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm leaves the medial cord just distal to the

A

medial cutaneous nerve of the arm

54
Q

what does the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm supply

A

skin over the biceps brachii and the skin over the anterior and medial aspects of the forearm proximal to the wrist

55
Q

what fibers form the ulnar nerve

A

C8-T1 and sometimes C7

56
Q

the ulnar nerve travels medial to the ___, in the medial bicipital sulcus

A

brachial artery

57
Q

does the ulnar nerve give off branches in the arm

A

no

58
Q

where does the ulnar nerve cross

A

on the posterior side of the medial epicondyle

59
Q

what muscle does the ulnar nerve travel between

A

the two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris

60
Q

what muscles does the ulnar nerve supply

A

flexor carpi ulnari and medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus

61
Q

what does the ulnar nerve supply

A

dorsal branch and palmar branch

62
Q

what does the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve supply

A

skin on the ulnar side of the posterior hand

63
Q

what does the palmar branch of the ulnar nerve supply

A

skin over the hypothenar eminence

64
Q

what is the pathway of the ulnar nerve

A

travels deep to the flexor carpi ulnas to the wrist, passes superficial to the flexor retinaculum, and divides into two branches

65
Q

what do the 3 terminal branches of the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve supply

A

palmar aspect of the little finger and medial half of the ring finger

66
Q

what muscles does the deep branch of the ulnar nerve supply

A

abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi, adductor pollicus, deep head of the flexor pollicis brevis, all interossei, and lumbricals 3 and 4

67
Q

what clinical considerations of the ulnar nerve cause

A

claw (ape) hand and carpal tunnel syndrome

68
Q

what forms the median nerve

A

lateral and medial cords

69
Q

what fibers form the median nerve

A

C6-T1

70
Q

where does the median nerve travel

A

through the arm in the medial bicipital sulcus

71
Q

does the median nerve give off branches in the arm

A

no

72
Q

what is the pathway of the median nerve

A

crosses the elbow on the anterior side, enters the forearm after passing between the heads of the pronator teres

73
Q

what muscles does the median nerve supply

A

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, pronator quadratus, flexor pollicus longus, and the lateral bellies of the flexor digitorum profundus

74
Q

the median nerve supplies muscles of the forearm by way of

A

anterior interosseous nerve of the forearm

75
Q

the ___ branch of the median nerve is given off in the distal third of the forearm

A

palmar

76
Q

what does the palmar branch supply

A

skin of the thenar eminence, lateral wrist and palm

77
Q

the ulnar nerve passes through the carpal tunnel and divides into 3 ___

A

common palmar digital nerves

78
Q

what muscles does the first common palmar digital nerve supply

A

abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis

79
Q

each common palmar digital nerve splits into 2 ___

A

proper palmar digital nerves

80
Q

what do the proper palmar digital nerves supply

A

skin over the lateral 3 and a half digits anteriorly and lateral 2 and a half digits posteriorly

81
Q

what else does the median nerve supply

A

periosteum, elbox, radoiocarpal and midcarpal joints, and communicates with the ulnar nerve at the wrist

82
Q

what clinical considerations can the median nerve cause

A

hand of oath/benediction, carpal tunnel syndrome, unable to pronate

83
Q

what nerves are given off from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus

A

superior subscapular, thoracodorsal, inferior sub scapular, axillary and radial nerves

84
Q

what fibers form the superior subscapular nerve

A

C5-C6

85
Q

what muscle does the superior subscapular nerve supply

A

subscapularis

86
Q

what fibers form the thoracodorsal nerve

A

C6-C8

87
Q

what muscle does the thoracodorsal nerve supply

A

latissimus dorsi

88
Q

what fibers form the inferior subscapular nerve

A

C5-C6

89
Q

what muscles does the inferior subscapular nerve supply

A

subscapularis and teres major

90
Q

what fibers form the axillary nerve

A

C5-C6

91
Q

what muscles does the axillary nerve supply

A

deltoid and teres minor

92
Q

what nerve supplies the sensory portion of the deltoid

A

superior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm

93
Q

what else does the superior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm supply

A

skin over the lateral shoulder and upper arm

94
Q

what fibers form the radial nerve

A

C5-C8, and sometimes T1

95
Q

what muscles does the radial nerve supply

A

all of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm and forearm

96
Q

where does the radial nerve travel

A

posterior to the humerus from the medial bicipital sulcus

97
Q

what does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm supply

A

skin on the posterior side of the upper arm

98
Q

where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm branch off

A

in the upper arm

99
Q

where does the inferior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm branch off

A

in the middle arm

100
Q

what muscles are supplied by muscular branches

A

all 3 heads of the triceps brachii, anconeus, and brachialis

101
Q

what does the posterior cutaneous branch of the forearm supply

A

narrow area of the skin on the lateral side of the posterior forearm

102
Q

branches of the radial nerve given off at the level of the lateral epicondyle supply what muscles

A

brachioradialis and extensor carpi radials longus

103
Q

what is the pathway of the radial nerve

A

passes into the forearm on the anterior side of the elbow after traveling between the brachialis and brachioradialis

104
Q

the radial nerve divides into what branches at the level of the radial head

A

superficial and deep branches

105
Q

what is the pathway of the superficial branch of the radial nerve

A

follows the brachioradialis to the distal third of the forearm, travels between the brachioradialis and the radius to the posterior surface of the hand, gives rise to dorsal digital nerves

106
Q

what does the superficial branch of the radial nerve supply

A

radial side of the posterior hand, extensor side of the thumb, extensor side of the proximal phalanges of digits 2 and 3, lateral half of the extensor side of the ring finger

107
Q

the superficial branch of the radial nerve also gives off

A

the communicating branch with the ulnar nerve

108
Q

what is the pathway of the deep branch of the radial nerve

A

penetrates the supinator muscle, gives off a series of branches to supply the posterior forearm muscles before terminating

109
Q

what does the deep branch of the radial nerve terminate as

A

posterior interosseous nerve

110
Q

what muscles does the posterior interosseous nerve supply

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis, supinator, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnari, abductor pollicus longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicus brevis, extensor indicus

111
Q

the radial nerve sends articular branches to the

A

shoulder and wrist

112
Q

what are clinical considerations the radial nerve can cause

A

wrist drop and triceps and brachioradialis reflexes

113
Q

what are some brachial plexus injuries

A

erb-duchenne and klumke’s palsy

114
Q

what nerves are damaged in era-duchenne

A

supraclavicular, musculocutaneous and axillary

115
Q

what is erb-duchenne

A

waiter’s tip deformity

116
Q

what roots are involved with erb-duchenne

A

C5-C6

117
Q

what nerve is involved with klumpke’s palsy

A

ulnar

118
Q

what is klumpke’s palsy

A

atrophy of the hands

119
Q

what roots are involved with klumpke’s palsy

A

C8-T1

PNS quizzes (7 decks)

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