quiz 5: sacral plexus Flashcards
1
Q
how many pairs of sacral spinal nerves are there
A
5
2
Q
the nerves descend inside the dura to form much of the
A
cauda equina
3
Q
each sacral nerve divides into
A
an anterior and posterior primary ramus
4
Q
what makes up the posterior primary rami
A
s1-s4
5
Q
what do the posterior primary rami travel through
A
the 4 posterior sacral foramina
6
Q
what does s5 travel through
A
sacral hiatus
7
Q
the sacral posterior rami decrease in size from
A
superior to inferior
8
Q
the posterior primary rami of s1-s3 divide into
A
medial and lateral branches
9
Q
what do the medial branches supply
A
the adjacent multifidi
10
Q
what do the lateral branches combine with
A
L5 and s4
11
Q
what do the lateral branches supply
A
skin over the buttocks
12
Q
the posterior primary rami of ___ unite with the coccygeal posterior rami
A
S4 and S5
13
Q
what does the posterior primary rami of S4 and S5 and the coccygeal posterior rami supply
A
the skin over the coccyx
14
Q
what do the anterior primary rami of S1-S4 travel through
A
the 4 anterior sacral foramina
15
Q
what does the anterior primary rami contribute to
A
the sacral (S1-S4) and coccygeal (S4,S5) plexuses
16
Q
3 or 4 sacral sympathetic ganglia communicate with the
A
sympathetic trunk
17
Q
what will each sacral nerve of the anterior primary rami receive
A
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
18
Q
what does each nerve receive postganglionic sympathetic fibers from
A
gray ramus communicans
19
Q
what forms the sacral plexus
A
L4, L5, S1-S3, and part of S4
20
Q
the contributions from L4 and L5 are by way of the
A
lumbosacral trunk
21
Q
where does the plexus form
A
on the anterior surface of the piriformis muscle
22
Q
when do the nerve roots divide into an anterior and posterior division
A
shortly after exiting their IVF/sacral foramen
23
Q
what fibers make up the nerve to the quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior
A
L4, L5 and S1
24
Q
where does the nerve to the quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior leave the pelvis
A
through the greater sciatic foramen
25
what is the function of the nerve to the quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior
muscles that contribute to lateral rotation and adduction of the thigh
26
what fibers make up the nerve to the obturator internus and gemellus superior
L5, S1, and S2
27
where does the nerve to the obturator internus and gemellus superior leave the pelvis
through the greater sciatic foramen-> then gives off branches to the gemellus superior
28
where does the nerve to the obturator internus and gemellus superior reenter the pelvis
via the lesser sciatic foramen
29
what does the lesser sciatic foramen supply
the obturator internus
30
what is the function of the nerve to the obturator internus and gemellus superior supply
muscles that contribute to lateral rotation and abduction of the thigh
31
what fibers make up the pudendal nerve
S2, S3 and S4
32
where does the pudendal nerve leave the pelvic cavity
through the greater sciatic foramen
33
what does the pudendal nerve arch around
ischial spine
34
what does the pudendal nerve enter the perineum via
lesser sciatic foramen
35
what does the pudendal nerve travel in
the pudendal canal
36
what does the pudendal nerve travel inferior to
the pubic symphysis
37
what does the pudendal nerve supply
the dorsal side of the penis or clitoris
38
what comes off the pudendal nerve within the pudendal canal
several branches
39
what do the inferior rectal nerves supply
skin around the anus and the inferior 2/3 of the anal canal
40
what nerve is associated with the anal pucker response
inferior rectal nerves
41
what muscle does the inferior rectal nerve supply
external anal sphincter
42
the ___ nerve is given off the pudendal nerve and divides into deep and superficial branches
perineal nerve
43
what muscles does the deep branch of the perineal nerve supply
external anal sphincter, bulbosponsiosus, ischiocavernosus, superficial transverse perineus
44
what does the superficial branches of the perineal nerve supply
posterior scrotum, urethral mucosa, bulb of the penis, labium magus, external urethral orifice and vestibule
45
the terminal branch of the pudendal nerve (dorsal nerve of the penis or clitoris) supplies what muscles
deep transverse perineus and urethral sphincter muscles
46
what does the dorsal nerve supply
sensory to the corpus cavernous, glans penis, skin covering the penis, corpus cavernosum and clitoris
47
what fibers form the muscular branches off the sacral plexus
S4
48
what do the muscular branches of the sacral plexus supply
levator ani and coccygeus muscles
49
what fibers make up the pelvic splanchnic nerves
S2, S3, and S4
50
what fibers make up the nerve to the piriformis
S1 and S2
51
what fibers make up the superior gluteal nerve
L4, L5 and S1
52
where does the superior gluteal nerve leave the pelvis
through the greater sciatic foramen
53
the superior gluteal nerve travels superior to the
piriformis
54
what does the superior gluteal nerve split into
superior and inferior branches
55
what does the superior branch of the superior gluteal nerve supply
gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
56
what does the inferior branch of the superior gluteal nerve supply
gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fascia lata
57
what fibers make up the inferior gluteal nerve
L5, S1 and S2
58
where does the inferior gluteal nerve leave the pelvis
through the greater sciatic foramen
59
what does the inferior gluteal nerve travel inferior to
piriformis
60
what does the inferior gluteal nerve supply
gluteus maximus
61
what fibers form the perforating cutaneous nerve
S2 and S3
62
what does the perforating cutaneous nerve travel through
sacrotuberous ligament
63
what does the perforating cutaneous nerve reach
the lower medial aspects of the buttocks
64
where can the perforating cutaneous nerve also come off of
as a branch of the pudendal nerve
65
what 2 nerves are formed by both the anterior and posterior divisions of the sacral plexus
posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh and the sciatic nerve
66
what fibers form the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
anterior S2 and S3 and posterior S1 and S2
67
where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh leave the pelvis
through the greater sciatic foramen
68
where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh descend
through the posterior thigh and inferior to the leg
69
what does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh communicate with
sural nerve
70
what does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh supply
skin on the posterior and medial thigh
71
what is the largest nerve in the human body
sciatic nerve
72
what forms the sciatic nerve
tibial and common fibular nerve
73
what fibers make up the tibial nerve
anterior L4-S3
74
what fibers make up the common fibular nerve
posterior L4-S2
75
what fibers make up the sciatic nerve
anterior L4-S3 and posterior L4-S2
76
where does the sciatic nerve leave the pelvis
through the greater sciatic foramen through a common sheath
77
where does the sciatic nerve travel below to
piriformis muscle
78
where does the sciatic nerve travel inferior to
posterior aspect of the adductor magnus
79
where does the sciatic nerve split
2/3 of the way to the knee-> variable
80
what fibers make up the common fibular nerve
L4-S2
81
what does the common fibular nerve travel around
the lateral aspect of the fibula
82
what does the common fibular nerve give off
articular branch to the knee joint
83
what branches are given off as the common fibular nerve travels along the lateral aspect of the popliteal fossa
sensory branches: lateral sural cutaneous nerve and fibular communicating branch
84
what does the lateral rural cutaneous nerve supply
skin on the lateral aspect of the leg
85
what does the fibular communicating branch form with the medial rural cutaneous nerve
sural nerve
86
what does the common fibular nerve divide into
superficial and deep fibular nerves
87
what does the superficial fibular nerve travel inferior to
between the fibulas longus and the fibular
88
where does the superficial fibular nerve end
dorum of the foot
89
what does the superficial fibular nerve supply
fibulas longus and fibulas brevis
90
what does the superficial fibular nerve split into
medial dorsal cutaneous nerve and intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve
91
what do the branches of the superficial fibular nerve supply
skin over the dorsum of the foot, except for the skin between the first 2 toes
92
what does the deep fibular nerve run inferior to
along the tibias anterior
93
where does the deep fibular nerve reach
dorsum of the foot
94
what does the deep fibular nerve supply
extensor muscles of the foot and toes
95
what specific muscles does the deep fibular nerve supply
tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis, extensor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis brevis, fibularis tertius
96
what does the deep fibular nerve supply sensory-wise
skin between the first 2 toes
97
what is steppage gait
inability to dorsiflex
98
what nerve causes stoppage gait
deep fibular nerve
99
what fibers form the tibial nerve
L4-S3
100
what does the common fibular nerve supply
biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, adductor magnus
101
what does the tibial nerve give off in the popliteal fossa
articular branches that supply the knee joint, muscular branches, popliteal branch and medial sural cutaneous nerve
102
what does the tibial nerve supply in the popliteal fossa
popliteus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
103
what does the popliteal branch eventually turn into
interosseous nerve of the leg
104
what does the interosseous nerve of the leg supply
tibial periosteum, ankle, and tibiofibular joints
105
what does the tibial nerve supply in the leg
flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior
106
what does the medial calcaneal branches supply
skin over the medial heel and sole of the foot
107
what does the tibial nerve travel around
the medial malleolus
108
what does the tibial nerve split into
medial plantar nerve and lateral plantar nerve
109
what does the medial plantar nerve supply
abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis
110
what does the medial plantar nerve supply
common plantar digital nerves
111
what does the common plantar digital nerves supply motor-wise
lumbricals 1 and 2
112
what does the common plantar digital nerves supply sensory-wise
skin between the toes
113
how does the common plantar digital nerves supply the skin between the toes
via proper plantar digital nerves
114
what does the lateral plantar nerve divide into
superficial and deep branches
115
what does the superficial branch of the lateral plantar nerve supply
skin around the 5th digit
116
what does the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve supply
adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis, abductor digiti minimi, quadratus plantae, lateral lumbricals and interossei muscles
117
what nerve causes flexor paralysis
tibial nerve
118
what is flexor paralysis
ability to curl toes against resistance
119
what are hammer toes
shortening of tendons
