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Fish Science > Quiz 7 > Flashcards

Quiz 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Ways to estimate pop size (Depletion methods)

A
  • fishing effort and catch rate

- works if vulnerability is uniform and constant overtime with no additions/losses over the study interval

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2
Q

Leslie method

A
  • assumes # of fish caught per unit effort in time is proportional to the # of fish present at the beginning of t
  • qN_t = C_t/f_t
  • C/f is CPUE
  • q = a catchability coeffiecient
  • N = population before depletion
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3
Q

DeLury’s method

A
  • based on assumption that the pop is closed and the CPUE @ N_inf
  • assumes pop declines proportionally with total effort
  • N_t = N_inf(e^-qE_t)
  • E_T is total cumulative effort
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4
Q

Recruited to the gear

A

-when a fish grows large enough to be vulnerable to a particular gear

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5
Q

Recruits to a fishery

A

-assumes that similar gear is used throughout the fishery

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6
Q

Recruitment

A

-individual fish survives into a defined life stage

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7
Q

Steady stable population

A

-pop births = death

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8
Q

Exponential decay model

A

dN/dt = -zN

z is coefficient of instantaneous mortality

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9
Q

Catch curve

A
  • estimates z from data
  • assumes mortality is relatively constant from one age class to the next
  • works best on post-juvenile fish
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10
Q

z variable

A

-total instantanous mortality
=F+M
F = fishing mortality
M = natural mortality

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11
Q

A variable

A

-total annual mortality

= 1 - S = 1 - e^-z

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12
Q

Weighted formulas

A
  • assume recruitment is equal from one year to the next
  • equal survival rates
  • equal vulnerability to the sampling gear
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13
Q

Heinke’s formula

A

-used with its hard to determine the age of older fish

= (N(all age class) - N(youngest))/N(all age class)

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14
Q

How are early life stages of fish vulnerable

A

-they can starve, be eaten, damaged by turbulent eddies

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15
Q

Match-mismatch hypothesis

A

-suggested that the match or mis match of larval fish occurring together with their food determined whether they fed or starved

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16
Q

Bigger is better hypothesis

A

-larger larvae have a better chance of avoiding predators

17
Q

Metrics for characterizing fish within a pop: Size characteristics

A
  • total length
  • fork length
  • standard length
  • Weight (wet or dry)
18
Q

Fulton’s condition factor

A

K = W/L^3 * 100,000

19
Q

Relative weight

A 
W_t = W/W*
W* = weight predicted from length/weight relationship
20
Q

GSI

A

-gonadsomatic index

= W_gonads/W_body

21
Q

Models of growth: von Bertalanffy growth curve

A 
L_t = L_inf(1-e^(-K(t-t_0)))
L_t = length at time t
L_inf = theoretical max length
K = growth coefficient 
t_0 = theoretical age at L = 0
-graph begins at orgin and increase exponentially to an asymptote
22
Q

Weight equivalent of von Bertalanffy growth curve

A

-sigmoidal curve

23
Q

Ford-Walford plot

A

-estimates parameters L_inf and K
L_(t+1) = L_inf (1-e^-K) + L_t*e^-K
-assumes that t_0 is 0

24
Q

Gompertz model

A

-looks at growth within the year which isn’t done by the von B. model

25
Q

Biological production

A

-processing of energy and matter to produce living tissue

26
Q

Gross production

A

= R_tot + G

-all metabolic activity + growth

27
Q

Net production

A
  • only tissue elaboration (G)

- represents production in fisheries

28
Q

Ricker and Allen’s equation

A

P = Gdelta tBbar

  • P is production of new tissue
  • G is inst growth rate
  • delta t is a time period
  • Bbar is average biomass
29
Q

Why would we deal with units of energy instead of mass

A

-allows us to make comparisons with other components of the ecosystem

30
Q

Allen curve

A
  • illustrates production that links pop size, mortality, and chan
  • created by K Radway Allen
31
Q

(G - Z)

A
  • represents the net rate of change in the pop biomass
  • used to calculate B and then P
  • determines whether production is positive or negative
32
Q

Production:Biomass ratios

A
  • gives an index of growth or decline in biomass
  • P/B ratio
  • also used in ecology
33
Q

Growth:Mortality ratios

A

-index of potential recruitment

34
Q

Recruitment overfishing

A

-harvesting to the point where recruitment drops off

35
Q

Types of S-R relationships: Density independance

A

-probability of eggs surviving is related to the environment rather than the stock size

36
Q

Types of S-R relationships: Density compenstation

A
  • assumes relationship must become limiting

- at high levels of S, the recruits (R) dont do as well

37
Q

case 1: The case of unlimited habitat

A
  • fish moving into virgin river

- each female can lay her eggs wtihout being disturbed by other spawning activity

38
Q

Case II: strict territoriality

A
  • assumes females are highly territorial and they guard their territory
  • when habitat saturates with spawing females, recruitment levels are off but R/S declines

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